Progression

Children learn to count objects and things as soon as they start to comprehend the world around them. Upon entering school, learners are able to extend their mathematical thinking and exploration.

In the Foundation Year, students learn to count and know number names in their correct order starting from 20, followed by subitizing of objects, cardinality order. As they progress further in their school years, they learn to apply their knowledge in their everyday lives.

This page has an overview of the three main assements of progression (Australian and Victorian curriculum, and ENRP Growth Points), as well as a brief overview of three identified stages in the progression of learning this topic.

Emerging

Learners at this level can:

Rote count up to 20
Recognise, name, and use numbers 0-10
Subitise small collections

Consolidating

Learners at this level are:

Comfortable using numbers 0-100
Able to count up and down
Able to skip count by 2s, 3s, 5s, and 10s

Extending

Learners at this level can:

Recognise, name, and use numbers up to 1000, starting at any non-zero point
Use numbers reliably to problem solve
Skip count 2s, 3s, 5s, and 10s, starting at any non-zero point
Recognise odd and even numbers

Simon The Snake. (2021). https://www.smartbuyschoolsigns.co.uk

The Australian and Victorian Curriculum documents

Both the Australian (National) curriculum and Victorian curriculum documentation detail what every student should be learning during their school years in stages relevant to their year level or proficiency. The curriculums covers subjects that are essential for developing and maintaining knowledge and skills required for school life and beyond.

The slides below summarize the key content and achievement standards applicable to counting and number patterns for students in Foundation to Year Level 3, which enables teachers to plan, monitor, assess and report their learning achievements.

Curriculum Progression across grades (F-3):

Follow these links to read more about the Australian Curriculum and Victorian Curriculum.

ENRP Growth Points:

The Early Numeracy Research Project, or ENRP growth points, can be used as an assessment on the level of a child’s understanding on counting and number patterns. Growth points help to conclude the current skill level of a child and explores the areas teachers could focus on their capacity to improve within the domain. However, not all students will be at the growth point that correlates to their year level; this does not mean that they are less than their peers, just that they as an individual learn differently and progress differently compared to their peers.

0 - Not apparent

Not yet able to say sequence of number names to 20

1 - Rote Counting

Rote counts the number sequence of at least 20, but still cannot count sets of that collection reliably.

2 - Counting Collections-Rational Counting

Is able to count in order and 1 to 1 correspondence to count sets of at least 20 objects reliably.

3 - Counting by 1s (forward/backward, including variable starting points before/after)

A count forward and backwards from various starting points between 1 and 100; knows numbers before and after a given number.

4 - Counting from 0s by 2s, 5s, and 10s

Can count from 0 by 2s, 5s, and 10s to a given target.

5 - Can count from x (where x ] 0) by 2s, 5s and 10s

Given non zero starting points, count by 2s, 5s, and 10s to given target

6 - Extending and applying counting skills

Counts from non-zero starting points by any 1 digit number, and applies counting skills in practical tasks.

Identify and represent numbers to at least 20 using objects, structured apparatus and number lines.

Use the number facts they know to solve problems.

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