My research focuses on understanding the evolution of sedimentary basins and how we can use the sedimentary record to constrain the timing of major tectonic events. Primarily, I focus on reconstructing ancient depositional environments and determining sediment provenance -- how do depositional environments change through time? Can we link changes in environments and sediment provenance to regional tectonic events? I answer these questions by doing detailed lithofacies mapping and measuring stratigraphic sections in the field. Sediment provenance is determined utilizing conglomerate clast count data, sandstone petrography, and detrital zircon geochronology. By integrating this work with high-precision chronostratigraphy of a basin, we can better understand the timing and rates of basin formation/cessation, and various other sedimentary processes due to regional tectonics.
Mapping the Olympic Core along Klahhane Ridge, WA 2023
Hoko River Fm. conglomerate along the Dungeness river, WA 2020
Students map along Hurricane Hill, Olympic National Park, WA 2021
Students measure section along the Hoko River, WA 2021
Camp along the Porcupine fault zone, Arctic AK 2024
Mapping and sample collection in the Don Miller Hills, AK 2022
Mount St. Elias, AK 2022
Mapping in the Samovar Hills, Wrangell-St. Elias NP, AK 2022
My PhD research with Michael Eddy and Kenneth Ridgway focused on testing the hypothesis that the Siletzia terrane (located in OR&WA) and Yakutat terrane (south-eastern AK) originated as the same oceanic plateau offshore of the continental margin at the latitude of the Pacific Northwest. My research characterized the depositional and tectonic history of Cenozoic sedimentary basins that formed on both Siletzia and Yakutat terranes to test if they had an early shared history. Basin evolution was placed in context of a high-precision chronostratigraphy using CA-ID-TIMS of zircon from volcanic interbeds in the Cenozoic sedimentary cover on both terranes to document timing of changes in depositional environments and sediment provenance. Results from this study support an early shared history between the Siletzia and Yakutat terrane as a spreading ridge-centered oceanic plateau. Following collision of this composite oceanic plateau to the continental margin near latitudes of the Pacific Northwest at ~50 Ma, the Yakutat terrane split from Siletzia and began its northward journey along major dextral strike-slip faults to where its currently colliding in south-eastern Alaska. These new findings provide a better understanding of how oceanic plateau collision and terrane translation impacted the geologic development of the northern part of the western Cordillera in the last 50 million years.
See videos of my research here! Research abstracts here.
Publications:
Donaghy, E.E., Eddy, M.P., Ridgway, K., and Ickert, R.B., Sedimentary Record of Oceanic Plateau Accretion: Re-visiting the Eocene to Miocene stratigraphy of the northern Olympic Peninsula, Washington: Geosphere, v. 21, p. 49-73, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02778.1.Buckhorn Wilderness, northern Olympic Peninsula, WA
Fieldwork on the northern Olympic Peninsula and southeastern Alaska (2020-2023) focused on geologic mapping, measuring stratigraphic sections, and collecting samples for U-Pb detrital and igneous zircon geochronology.
Samovar Hills, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, AK
Please contact me about MSc and PhD level research opportunities to work in WA studying seamount collision processes. Future and ongoing funded research focuses on the Eocene to Oligocene record of seamount collision in the Olympic subduction complex and the establishment of the modern Cascade forearc region.
On a regional scale, major strike-slip faults are invoked to translate crustal fragments, or terranes, 1000’s of kilometers from their inferred origin. However, one of the major problems in understanding terrane translation is identifying the strike-slip fault(s) that accommodate inferred displacement histories.
Ongoing and future research projects...
will focus on Cretaceous to Cenozoic terrane transport and regional strike-slip in the northern part of the western North American Cordillera (southeastern AK, arctic AK, and Yukon) along the Tintina, Kaltag, and Porcupine fault systems.
Porcupine Fault Zone, arctic AK, summer 2024
Zircon Geochronology Methods
we must have a stratigraphic section that has frequent felsic volcanic interbeds. Zircon can be extracted from these volcanic interbeds and dated using chemical abrasion-isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS). This technique can determine crystallization ages of igneous zircons with high-precision (<0.01%), making it a valuable tool in understanding how depositional environments and sediment routing pathways vary over timescales of 0.5-1.5 myr timescales.
Tuff in the lowermost Makah Formation (WA)
Zircon samples prepared for thermal annealing in the Purdue Radiogenic Isotope Geology Laboratory
The clean lab at Purdue's Radiogenic Isotope Geology Laboratory where zircons are prepped for CA-ID-TIMS
Disha Okhai (Purdue PhD student) screws the turret in the source chamber of the TIMS instrument
Another research interest of mine, working with Michael Eddy (Purdue University), Mauricio Ibanez (University of Arizona), and Federico Moreno (Postdoc; University of Arizona) is to test new methods for bulk chemical abrasion (CA) of detrital zircons prior to laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Chemical abrasion is an effective technique for removing zircon domains with Pb-loss and dissolving inclusions with high common Pb. By thermally annealing and bulk abrading detrital zircons prior to LA-ICP-MS, we show that zircon age populations can be more accurately and precisely identified. This is a useful tool that can aid in identifying source terranes supplying sediments to a basin, especially in regions where sources are close in age.
Strike-slip Basin Initiation & Evolution
Strike-slip faults form in a wide variety of tectonic settings and are a first-order control on the geometry and sediment accumulation patterns in adjacent sedimentary basins. Fundamental questions still remain on how these basins initiate, evolve, and terminate. My ongoing and future research aims to utilize high-precision U-Pb zircon geochronology to help provide a generalized model for pull-apart basin formation and evolution.
GSA 2021 presentation abstract here!
Understanding the transition from Cretaceous back-arc rifting to dominantly strike-slip tectonics in the Miocene, South Korea. Ongoing research is focused on understanding the timing and style of pull-apart basin formation in the Eoil basin. Future work will be focused on adjacent Cenozoic pull-apart basins and the Cretaceous Gyeongsang basin. Research is in collaboration with colleagues at KIGAM, Gyeongsang National University, and Pusan National University.
Forearc Basin Modification by Ridge Subduction
My undergraduate thesis research, supervised by Jeffrey Trop (Bucknell University), focused on constraining the depositional environment and provenance record of the westernmost Arkose Ridge Formation (ARF) in south-central Alaska. The ARF represents nonmarine Paleocene-Eocene sedimentary and volcanic strata deposited in a remnant forearc basin. Read more about how provenance, sediment routing pathways, and depositional environments were modified by spreading ridge subduction in (Kortyna et al., 2013) !
The Chumstick basin is an Eocene strike-slip basin that formed shortly after the collision of Siletzia to the continental margin. Basin formation was during a time of regional dextral strike-slip faulting and episodic magmatism associated with Paleogene ridge-trench interactions along the North American Margin (Eddy et al., 2016) . This basin analysis project focused on reconstructing changes in ancient environments and sediment provenance/routing pathways in context of a new high-precision chronostratigraphy (Donaghy et al., 2022; Donaghy et al., 2021) . This not only allows us to better understand the evolution of strike-slip basins with high temporal resolution, but also allows us to put this basin intiation, evolution, and cessation into the context of ridge-trench interactions.