MEMBER BIOS 2023
Violaine Mitchell, Co-Chair
Violaine Mitchell is Director, Health Funds and Partnerships, Global Delivery Programs at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. She oversees a team that works to empower country governments to sustainably finance and manage their primary health care systems.
Before joining the foundation in 2010, she worked as the coordinator of the Gavi Financing Task Force under contract to the World Bank, where she was responsible for coordinating the vaccine alliance’s early work on national financial sustainability planning and global innovative financing. Earlier, she worked at the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, where she was the study director for a study on the Children’s Vaccine Initiative and assistant study director for the IOM Study on Malaria Prevention and Control.
Violaine spent a number of years working on integrated community development projects, including three years working with traditional refuse collectors in Cairo, Egypt, on child health, animal health and production, and income generation projects funded by Catholic Relief Services, Oxfam, and UNICEF, among others. She is the co-founder of Small Farm Canada, an award-winning national Canadian magazine for small-scale producers. She has a B.A. in development studies from Brown University and an M.Sc. in tropical public health from the Harvard School of Public Health.
Violaine represents the Gates Foundation on the Global Financing Facility Investors Group and serves as an Alternate Board Member on the Gavi Board and, additionally, as a member of the Gavi Program and Policy Committee.
Ephrem Lemango, Co-Chair
Dr. Ephrem T. Lemango took up his position as the Associate Director of Immunization at UNICEF HQ in June 2021. He oversees the immunization and vaccines related work of UNICEF spanning across seven regions and over 130 countries. He comes with more than 15 years of national and international experience in immunization, maternal and child health, primary health care and socio-economic sectors, of which more than a decade is in senior leadership roles.
Prior to joining UNICEF, Dr. Lemango served as the Regional Immunization and Primary Health Care focal point for WHO-AFRO, and worked with the Mastercard Foundation as adviser for Health Programmes. Dr. Lemango was the Director of Maternal, Child Health and Nutrition program of the Ministry of Health and the Executive Director for the International Institute for Primary Health Care in Ethiopia, where he led the introduction and implementation of innovative initiatives that enabled the country to continue its success of improving maternal and child health. Dr. Lemango contributed to the advancement of immunization as a member of the Regional Immunization Technical Advisory Group (RITAG) of the WHO Regional Office for Africa and the Global Equity Reference Group for Immunization.
Beyond the health sector, he worked with the private sector and financial institutions to address socio-economic needs of young people when he was serving as a founding Commissioner of the Jobs Creation Commission (JCC) of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Dr. Lemango was as an Assistant Professor in Health Management and Policy in Mekelle University, Ethiopia and also briefly served as a visiting Scientist in Harvard School of Public Health and Bergen University, researching primary health care and community health systems.
Dr. Lemango earned his Doctor of Medicine degree from Addis Ababa University and Master’s degree in Health Management, Planning and Policy from University of Leeds. He also holds a certificate in Medical Education from Cardiff University.
He is a national of Ethiopia, and speaks English, Amharic, and Tigrigna.
Zulfiqar Bhutta
Zulfiqar Bhutta is the Founding Director of the Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health at the Aga Khan University; the Inaugural Robert Harding Chair in Global Child Health, Co-Director, and Director of Research at the Centre for Global Child Health at The Hospital for Sick Children; Chairman of The Coalition of Centres in Global Child Health and President of the International Pediatrics Association. Dr. Bhutta also holds adjunct professorships at several leading Universities including the Schools of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University, Harvard University, Tufts University, the University of Alberta and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Dr. Bhutta was educated at the University of Peshawar (MBBS) and obtained his PhD from the Karolinska Institute, Sweden. He is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (Edinburgh and London), the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health (London), American Academy of Pediatrics and the Pakistan Academy of Sciences. He has been associated with the Aga Khan University since 1986 and heads a large research team working on issues of maternal, newborn and child survival and nutrition regionally and globally.
Francesco Checchi
Francesco Checchi is a Professor of Epidemiology and International Health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. His main area of expertise is quantitative public health measurement and disease control in crisis (armed conflict, natural disaster, epidemic) settings. He has worked for Save the Children (leading their humanitarian health team), Medecins Sans Frontieres, the World Health Organization and as a consultant for a variety of other agencies. He is also an Associate Fellow of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House. He has a special interest in improving public health information availability and use in ongoing crises worldwide as well as governance, accountability and public health decision-making in humanitarian settings.
Mickey Chopra
Mickey Chopra is the Global Solutions Lead for Service Delivery in the Health, Nutrition and Population Global Practice of the World Bank. He leads its work around the organization, management and quality of health services.
Previous to this he was the Chief of Health and Associate Director of Programs at UNICEF’s New York Headquarters. Additionally, he has chaired the Evaluation and Research Group at the Global Fund for HIV/AIDS, TB and Malaria to ensure that their investments are reaching those most in need and chaired the Special Committee for Large Countries for GAVI that worked on ensuring increased coverage of vaccines for Nigeria and India in particular. He led the technical team that oversaw the UN Commission on Essential Medicines and Commodities.
Dr. Chopra is qualified as a medical doctor with an additional degree in medical sociology from the University of Southampton, England, MPH (Primary Health in Developing Countries) at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and a PhD from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Uppsala in Sweden.
Thabani Maphosa
Thabani Maphosa is Gavi’s Managing Director of Country Programmes, overseeing Gavi’s operations in 73 countries. The Country Programmes Department’s raison d'être is to harness the power of the Vaccine Alliance for countries to save the maximum number of lives through immunisation. This is achieved through maximising financial investments (donor and domestic), bringing the best partners to the table and driving innovative solutions. The Country Programmes Department manages Gavi’s relationships with governments and provides grant management oversight for all in-country resources.
Prior to joining Gavi, Thabani held several leadership roles in World Vision International for over 16 years. Thabani is a seasoned humanitarian who has led disaster preparedness and response efforts globally. He is also recognised for introducing the use of technology in the last mile and for scaling up cash transfers in stable and fragile contexts. With a Master of Philosophy degree in Science, Thabani has worked in academia as a lecturer in physiology and microbiology.
Katherine L. O'Brien
Kate O’Brien is Director of the Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals Department at the World Health Organization where she is responsible for leading the overall work and strategy of the Department to advance the vision of reducing the health, social and economic burden of vaccine preventable diseases.
Prior to joining WHO she was Professor of International Health and Epidemiology and Executive Director of the International Vaccine Access Center at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Her scientific and policy work domestically and globally has focused on vaccine preventable illnesses, among both children and adults. The work has included surveillance, epidemiology, and vaccine clinical trials of pneumococcal disease; rotavirus; Haemophilus influenzae type b; respiratory syncytial virus and influenza vaccines. She has worked extensively with American Indian populations and in Africa and south Asia, partnering with local scientists and country program staff to develop rigorous scientific evidence and bring it into the vaccine policy arena, thereby accelerating the use and access to life-saving vaccines for children living in low resource countries and settings. She has been honored with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Secretary’s Distinguished Service Award, the Sabin Vaccine Institute Young Investigator Award, the U.S. Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering (PECASE). She served on the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization for 6 years and on the Gavi Board.
Dr. O’Brien trained as a pediatric infectious disease physician, epidemiologist and vaccinologist. She earned her BSc in chemistry from University of Toronto (Canada), her MD from McGill University (Canada), and her MPH from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (US) before completing her training at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as an Epidemic Intelligence Officer, in the Respiratory Diseases Branch.
Helen Rees
Helen Rees is the Founder and Executive Director of the Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of Witwatersrand in South Africa. She is the Co-Director of the Wits African Leadership Initiative in Vaccinology Excellence (ALIVE), a Professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Witwatersrand, and an Honorary Professor in the Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. She is a Fellow of Murray Edwards College, Cambridge University.
Dr Rees is internationally renowned for her policy and research work in vaccines, reproductive health and HIV. She has chaired many national and international committees. She currently chairs the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) Board as well as the World Health Organization’s (WHO) African Regional Immunization Technical Advisory Group, the WHO’s IHR Emergency Review Committee on Polio, is Co-Chair of WHO’s Ebola Vaccine Working Group and a member of WHO’s IHR Ebola Emergency Committee. She is the Co-Chair of the South African National Health Data Advisory and Coordination Committee, a member of South Africa’s National Advisory Group on Immunization and a member of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the South African National Institute of Communicable Diseases. She serves on the Boards of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI) and of AVAC. Professor Rees chairs the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation (CEPI) Scientific Advisory Board and is Chair of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation’s Advisory Group on HPV Vaccines.
Her research interests include HIV/AIDS prevention, STIs, microbicides, HIV and HPV vaccines, and broader issues relating to women’s health.
Rachel Tolhurst
Rachel Tolhurst is a social scientist with a background in gender, development and health. Her research interests and experience centre on qualitative research on gender and equity in health systems strengthening and the social determinants of health. Her research has included a focus on a range of health areas including maternal and child health, sexual and reproductive health and rights, gender based violence, antimicrobial resistance and communicable and chronic disease (including malaria, tuberculosis, lung disease and HIV).
Rachel is currently the Social Sciences lead for the NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Lung Health and Tuberculosis in Africa at LSTM, and for the Drivers of Antimicrobial Resistance (DRUM) consortium (GCRF). She also leads the gender equitable careers theme on the DELTAS Learning Research Programme, in collaboration with the Capacity Research Unit.
Recent previous research has included leading LSTM’s contributions to two EU-funded consortia - MATIND, which evaluated two demand-side financing approaches to improving maternal health in India, and INPAC, which aimed to test an intervention to improve post-abortion family planning in China - as well as leading MRC-funded social science research exploring the drivers of child marriage in Sudan.