Leveling

LESSON OBJECTIVE

2.1 Explain the basic principles of leveling. 

2.1.1 Relate principles and usage in general. 

2.1.2 Define the terms related to levelling survey 

a. Height 

b. Mean Sea level(MSL) 

c. Bench Marks and Temporary Bench Marks 

d. Reduced level 

e. Back Sight, foresight, intermediate sight 

f. Change points 

g. Line of collimation 

h. Level surfaces 

2.1.3 Define the types of instruments used in levelling. 

2.1.4 Classify the difference between Dumpy, Tilting and Automatic level instrument. 

2.2 Explain the procedures of leveling. 

2.2.1 List the work procedures in levelling. 

2.2.2 Explain the procedure of setting up levelling instrument and two pegs test. 

2.2.3 Show the calculation of the reduce level by using the following methods; 

a. Rise and Fall 

b. Height of Collimation 

2.3 Organize the field work according to standard procedure and method of levelling. 

2.3.1 Measure the ground level according to the levelling procedure 

a. Two Peg Test 

b. Series levelling 

c. Longitudinal section and cross section(profile) 

2.3.2 Displays the calculation of the reduce level, arithmetic checking and precision of work. 

2.4 Explain the concept of contouring. 

2.4.1 List the contour characteristics 

2.4.2 Explain grid method of contour survey 

2.4.3 Explain the interpolation method to calculate contour

2.5 Organize the levelling field work according to standard procedure and method. 

2.5.1 Measure the ground level according to the levelling procedure: 

a. Conduct contour work using grid method. 

b. Plot contour work manually 

2.5.2 Show the calculation of the reduce level, arithmetic checking and precision of work. 

2.6 Explain briefly the development of the latest levelling instruments.