Practical solid geometry (also known as descriptive geometry) is a branch of geometry that focuses on representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions. The process of representing three dimensional objects in two dimensions in a flat paper is called as projection.
When straight lines are extended from different points along the outline of an object until they intersect with a plane, we say that the object has been projected onto that plane. The resulting shape formed by connecting these projected lines on the plane is referred to as the projection of the original object. These lines connecting the object to the plane are known as projectors.
In engineering graphics / drawing, the following three methods of projection are commonly used, they are.
Orthographic projection
Isometric projection
Perspective projection.