Before getting into the technicalities of the electric grid, let's get a more comprehensive overview of electricity distribution:
Power stations that are connected to grids are often located near energy resources such as a source of fuel or to take advantage of renewable energy resources to take advantage of less transportation tariffs, and away from heavily-populated areas. A bulk-power transmission network is therefore used to move the power long distances, sometimes across international boundaries, until it reaches its wholesale customer (usually the organisation that owns the local electric power distribution network). Let's get into how power is generated at these power-stations ready for distribution: