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15 februari 2019

Inbreng NOvA voor Eerste Kamer-debat over de staat van de rechtsstaat Bron Link

De Eerste Kamer zet op 19 februari het debat over de staat van de rechtsstaat voort. De NOvA heeft de senaat verzocht om hierin stil te staan bij onder meer de ontwikkelingen in het stelsel van gefinancierde rechtsbijstand, de herziening van het Wetboek van Strafvordering en de toenemende druk op het verschoningsrecht van advocaten.

In dit debat, dat in 2014 is gestart, staan de senatoren stil bij trends, wetsvoorstellen en politieke keuzes die gevolgen (kunnen) hebben voor de kwaliteit van onze democratische rechtsstaat. Al eerder spraken voormalige algemeen dekens Walter Hendriksen (in 2014) en Bart van Tongeren (in 2018) tijdens het debat hun zorgen uit over onder andere de plannen van het kabinet voor de rechtsbijstand. De NOvA constateert in haar brief van 14 februari 2019 dat de zorgen sindsdien alleen maar groter zijn geworden.

Gevaarlijke ontwikkelingen ons inziens; Ai De mens kan interpreteren. Een computer kan toepassen ...

Concerns of young protesters are justifiedThe world's youth have begun to persistently demonstrate for the protection of the climate and other foundations of human well-being. ([ 1 ][1], [ 2 ][2]). As scientists and scholars who have recently initiated similar letters of support in our countries, we call for our colleagues across all disciplines and from the entire world to support these young climate protesters ([ 3 ][3]). We declare: Their concerns are justified and supported by the best available science. The current measures for protecting the climate and biosphere are deeply inadequate. Nearly every country has signed and ratified the Paris Agreement of 2015, committing under international law to hold global warming well below 2°C above preindustrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C ([ 4 ][4]). The scientific community has clearly concluded that a global warming of 2°C instead of 1.5°C would substantially increase climate-related impacts and the risk of some becoming irreversible ([ 5 ][5]). Moreover, given the uneven distribution of most impacts, 2°C of warming would further exacerbate existing global inequalities ([ 5 ][5]). It is critical to immediately begin a rapid reduction in CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions. The degree of climate crisis that humanity will experience in the future will be determined by our cumulative emissions; rapid reduction now will limit the damage. For example, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has recently assessed that halving CO2 emissions by 2030 (relative to 2010 levels) and globally achieving net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050 (as well as strong reductions in other greenhouse gases) would allow a 50% chance of staying below 1.5°C of warming ([ 5 ][5]). Considering that industrialized countries produced more of and benefited more from previous emissions, they have an ethical responsibility to achieve this transition more quickly than the world as a whole ([ 4 ][4], [ 6 ][6]). Many social, technological, and nature-based solutions already exist. The young protesters rightfully demand that these solutions be used to achieve a sustainable society ([ 7 ][7]). Without bold and focused action, their future is in critical danger. There is no time to wait until they are in power. Politicians have the huge responsibility of creating the necessary framework conditions in a timely manner. Policies are needed to make climate-friendly and sustainable action simple and cost-effective and make climate-damaging action unattractive and expensive. Examples include effective CO2 prices and regulations; cessation of subsidies for climate-damaging actions and products; efficiency standards; social innovations; and massive, directed investment in solutions such as renewable energy, cross-sector electrification, public transport infrastructure, and demand reduction. A socially fair distribution of the costs and benefits of climate action will require deliberate attention, but it is both possible and essential ([ 8 ][8]). The enormous grassroots mobilization ([ 2 ][2]) of the youth climate movement—including Fridays for Future, School (or Youth) Strike 4 Climate, Youth for (or 4) Climate, and Youth Climate Strike ([ 7 ][7])—shows that young people understand the situation. We approve and support their demand for rapid and forceful action. We see it as our social, ethical, and scholarly responsibility to state in no uncertain terms: Only if humanity acts quickly and resolutely can we limit global warming, halt the ongoing mass extinction of animal and plant species, and preserve the natural basis for the food supply and well-being of present and future generations. This is what the young people want to achieve. They deserve our respect and full support. [www.sciencemag.org/content/364/6436/139.2/suppl/DC1][9] List of signatories 1. [↵][10]1. M. Warren , Nature 567, 291 (2019). [OpenUrl][11] 2. [↵][12]“Pictures from youth climate strikes around the world,” The New York Times (2019); [www.nytimes.com/2019/03/15/climate/climate-school-strikes.html][13]. 3. [↵][14]Please show support by signing the open letter at [www.scientistsforfuture.org/international/][15]. 4. [↵][16]United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “Decision 1/CP.21: Adoption of the Paris Agreement,” (Paris, France, 2015); [https://unfccc.int/files/essential\_background/convention/application/pdf/english\_paris_agreement.pdf][17]. 5. [↵][18]1. V. Masson-Delmotte et al IPCC, “Summary for policymakers: Global warming of 1.5 °C—An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty,” V. Masson-Delmotte et al., Eds. (IPCC, World Meteorological Organization, United Nations Environment Programme, Geneva, Switzerland, 2018); [www.ipcc.ch/report/sr15][19]. 6. [↵][20]1. O. Edenhofer et al. <!-- --> 1. C. Kolstad et al ., in Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change: Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, O. Edenhofer et al., Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK, 2014). 7. [↵][21]Fridays for Future ([www.fridaysforfuture.org][22]). 8. [↵][23]1. R. K. Pachauri, 2. L. A. Meyer IPCC, Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report: Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Core Writing Team, R. K. Pachauri, L. A. Meyer, Eds. (IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 2014). [1]: #ref-1 [2]: #ref-2 [3]: #ref-3 [4]: #ref-4 [5]: #ref-5 [6]: #ref-6 [7]: #ref-7 [8]: #ref-8 [9]: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/364/6436/139.2/suppl/DC1 [10]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1 in text" [11]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNature%26rft.volume%253D567%26rft.spage%253D291%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [12]: #xref-ref-2-1 "View reference 2 in text" [13]: http://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/15/climate/climate-school-strikes.html [14]: #xref-ref-3-1 "View reference 3 in text" [15]: http://www.scientistsforfuture.org/international/ [16]: #xref-ref-4-1 "View reference 4 in text" [17]: https://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_agreement.pdf [18]: #xref-ref-5-1 "View reference 5 in text" [19]: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/sr15 [20]: #xref-ref-6-1 "View reference 6 in text" [21]: #xref-ref-7-1 "View reference 7 in text" [22]: http://www.fridaysforfuture.org [23]: #xref-ref-8-1 "View reference 8 in text"

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