The Eclipse Memory Analyzer is a fast and feature-rich Java heap analyzer that helps you find memory leaks and reduce memory consumption. Use the Memory Analyzer to analyze productive heap dumps with hundreds of millions of objects, quickly calculate the retained sizes of objects, see who is preventing the Garbage Collector from collecting objects, run a report to automatically extract leak suspects.
Most developers working with Java hardly have to think about the memory footprint of their application that they wrote. The garbage collector inside the JVM will remove most waste, but what happens when not all waste can be removed or something is wrong inside the application? This may result in an exception that probably a lot of developers and system administrators have seen before: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError (OOME).There are several causes for such an exception, but the most obvious is that there is memory leak somewhere in the application.
Eclipse Memory Analyzer (mat) Download
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Most of my clients run on the Sun(Oracle) JVM, so I will try to keep this post focussed on the instructions for the Sun JVM. In case your application server runs out of memory you can instruct the JVM to generate a heap dump when an OOME occurs. This heap dump will be generated in the HPROF binary format.
Now you have the heap dump and want to figure out what was inside the heap at the moment the OOME occurred. There are several Java heap dump analyzers out there, where most of them can do more then just heap analysis. The products range from commercial to open source and these are the ones that I tried with my 4Gb .hprof file:
I was surprised to see that most of the above applications were unable to handle a file of this size. Eclipse Memory Analyzer was actually the only heap dump analyzer that was able to handle a heap dump of this size on my MacBookPro. All the other analyzers were unable to handle a file of this size. Apparently some of these tools tried to load the entire file into memory. On a laptop with only 4 Gb this will not fit. Eclipse MAT was able to analyze this file within 5-10 minutes.
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There are occasions where memory usage repeatedly hits the limit, leading to some poor soul having to investigate and possibly fix the issue. Fortunately there are a wealth of profiling tools available to investigate, and locate troubling code. The first step is to analyze a heap dump taken, preferably, when the application is close to falling over. If you are an eclipse user, like me, then MAT is an excellent tool for such a job.
The .hprof file can then be opened with Eclipse MAT, and it does some initial data analysis for you. Although, the instinct is to look for memory leaks, and if does not seem to be the problem, it may well be a good idea to look elsewhere else e.g. session data not being removed, or data caching.
From the first line in the tree, you can see the object causing the memory issue. Reading the fasterXML, it seems ObjectMapper heavily caches serializers, deserializers and other related objects. So, it seems each created deserializer is repeatedly added to the cache. In this case, it has taken a few minutes to identify the problem. However, fixing the issue may not always be as easy.
At first glance it seems the deserializer, found in, authenticationModule() is repeatedly added to the objectMapper. For some reason the Deserializers cache treats it as a different object, and adds it to the cache. So, what to do... Well, firstly annotate the serializable object, rather than explicitly setting an object, on the ObjectMapper i.e.
If the application server exposes a JMX port, you can create realtime monitoring as well. For quick and easy analysis, I tend to just use Java VisualVM or MissionControl. With VisualVM, I get to monitor heap usage, in terms of number of objects, CPU, in realtime. Although it is an expensive operation, it provides an indication of memory usage/object count. This is quite useful if you want to just get a quick snapshot of the environment. Using the information below
MAT, which stands for Memory Analyzer Tool, is a fast and feature-rich Java heap analyzer that helps you find memory leaks and reduce memory consumption. The project got integrated into the release train with Helios and comes with great features. I will highlight one of them, which is pretty useful in debug/development mode. I'm talking about the ability to acquire Heap Dump directly inside MAT.
In effect, this way requires that the process is still running. It is a debug/development use case. You still need dumps on OutOfMemoryError for production environment. You can find some information on the way to do that on the MAT wiki. To learn more things about MAT, I recommend you to follow the MAT webinar which happens on September 8th. 152ee80cbc
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