The Conception

After creating an elaborate checklist, we divided the specific requirements of a suitable shelter into various clusters of ideas. These were:

1. Most cost effective solution using naturally available resources

Cheap Material easily available - Bamboo, Grass, Free cardboard provided by government, Plastic bottles, soil or clay

Cheap Materials that can easily be carried – tarpaulin, Bleach powder

Structure- Walls by cardboard and bamboo to provide strength and having a layer of clay to keep it cooler.

Top by Grass and Tarpaulin so as to protect from rain

Light – Bottle can be cut and joined from ceiling having bleach and water in it, as by diffraction it will provide luminescence.

Ventilation – By funneling cool air into the house

Design of house – Circular, as it will provide maximum strength from wind.

To Size of house – Considering height and width of a human and the size of a family (generally 6 members)

Space Calculation - (a) Minimum Length required = 10ft (Maximum body breadth, relaxed X 5 for a 95th percentile male)

(b) Minimum Breadth required = 8ft (Prone length, arm for a 95th percentile male)

(c) Minimum Height required below the ground level: 3ft (Erect squatting height for a 95th percentile male)

(d) Maximum Height allowed above the ground level: 5ft (Upper position length for a 5th percentile female)

Positives - Design is cheap and affordable

Negatives - Grass can catch fire, Every year Bamboo replacement cost

This analysis was obtained during a literature review of similar projects and we assume our cost to be almost same. For exact calculations, we would require the local pricing in that area.

2. Most easily deployable solution with strength and high longevity

• Closer to home, but modern

It is very similar to the process and method the agrarians already use, but the material is more robust and has a long lifespan. This design requires a one time investment, and can be used multiple times: having a lifespan of about 10 years.

• Easy Assembly

We tried to reduce the weight during transportation and ease off on the shelter making time. By our aproximations, this design takes about 2-3 hours to deploy, given 2-4 people work on it.

• Materials used

The materials used here can be customized. The basic needs a strong skeleton, can be fiberglass poles, or aluminium poles or simple wooden beams, all of these can be flexible or taut, as required by the user. The covering material is also customizable, the cheapest being plastic tarpolin , which doesnt provide much insulation, or we can use canvas, thick and reliable. There are also nylon and polyster blends available that provide the best insulation and protection.

• Durable

The tent design has a special shape and robust anchors (can be normal metal pegs or can be mass manufactured specially) which allows them to stand strong winds. There are windows to allow ventilatio and proper distribution of pressure in case there is extreme weather. The shape is aerodynamic.

Positives - Highly durable, repeated use, quick assembly and disassembly, light weight.

Negatives - The people might not be keen on changing their set-in ways. Initial cost is high and could be expensive for salt farmers. However the goverment can provide subsidies or EMI schemes for these hard working people. Also we can think of renting them through government services that provide water, etc to them.

3. Most safe and comfortable solution with all amenities

Drainage system for the bathroom:-

• The water should not be flowed into the open area because there is possibilities of mosquitoes generation and foul smell generation

• So we can make this water go inside the earth is this way

• Here side bricks are to avoid the water sinks in top layers of the soil that may create swampy areas nearby pit so here water sinks from the bottom surface of the pit by this method of drainage system it helps in increasing the groundwater level

• And the top plastic cover is to avoid the foul smell from the pit to the outside world

House type considering the safety and ventilation and other factors like temperature is taken into consideration:-

• So to avoid overheating inside the houses, we can use some anti UV coating which reflects back the almost all heating rays(UV) so avoids from heating which helps us in maintaining the low temp inside in the sunny days

• We need to avoid our house to be blown away with the air so we need to install our homes in such a way so that air gets easily pierced away from our home

• The direction of the wind determines where the tent should be located. The main rule is that the tent’s doors shouldn’t face the wind, as air could enter and inflate the tent, damaging its structure

• Consider an aerodynamic around a cylinder so we design our home from a cylindrical tent something like below

Now examine the airflow around the cylinder

From the above diagram we can see their is more vortices formation due to pure cylindrical form of the diagram so we can provide a tail like structure to this cylinder to avoid these vortices

• This kind of structure helps us to smooth the flow of air around the house

• This is a lower frame design now we will look into the upper part of the house has to be little slope enough to smoothly make the flow of the air above it

Protecting from fire:-

There is a possibility is there that these houses may catch fire due to very sunny day so to overcome that we need to design something so the main place where these houses catch fire is the outside body which is exposed to the sun and the other is near kitchen due to fire

• So for the outer body of the house and near the kitchen area, we need to avoid the materials which catches the fire very easily like grass or thin cotton materials and thin paper materials, or any other low ignition temperature materials

• In those places, we can use some other materials which have very high ignition temperature like tarpaulin sheets and others

For ventilation

• For this, we can think of building some part of side walls using some porous materials like thin jute bag which is porous enough so that air can pass through it easily

For protection from rodents

• Actually in this case we put the bamboos too deep and construct a brick wall inside so that no rodents get entry from side to vie ground

Positive points of safety model - it covers all aspects so that it provides risk free time for the salt pan workers so that workers can concentrate on their work instead of their homes

Negative points :- for designing cylinder with tail is little time consuming and little extra material consuming

Combined final design

Design of outer structure

• To Size of the house – Considering the height and width of a human and the size of a family (generally 7 to 8 members)

• From the above diagram, we can see there is more vortices formation due to the pure cylindrical form of the diagram so we can provide a tail-like structure to this cylinder to avoid these vortices

• Roofing structure has to be slop like this smooth flow of air

• The door has to be on the opposite side of the sir flow to avoid the direct flow of air inside the house which may affect the ceiling

Building materials:-

• So as the salt pan workers can't afford high price materials soo our focus has to be on the low-cost materials like

• Cheap Material easily available - Bamboo, Grass, Free cardboard provided by the government, Plastic bottles, soil or clay

• Cheap Materials that can easily be carried – tarpaulin, Bleach powder

• Structure- Walls by cardboard and bamboo to provide strength and having a layer of clay to keep it cooler.

Ventilation and temperature maintenance:-

• So to avoid overheating inside the houses, we can use some anti UV coating which reflects back the almost all heating rays(UV) so avoids from heating which helps us in maintaining the low temp inside in the sunny days

• We also get some paints which are anti UV we can apply then to the tarpaulin on the ceiling which helps us to protect from heating as well as the damage of tarpaulin cover

• For Ventilation and lighting

• Light – Bottle can be cut and joined from the ceiling having bleach and water in it, as by diffraction it will provide luminescence.

• Ventilation – By funneling cool air into the house

Drainage system for the bathroom:-

• The water should not be flowed into the open area because of there is possibilities of mosquitoes generation and foul smell generation

• So we can make this water go inside the earth is this way

• Here side bricks are to avoid the water sinks in top layers of the soil that may create swampy areas nearby pit so here water sinks from the bottom surface of the pit by this method of drainage system it helps in increasing the groundwater level

• And the top plastic cover is to avoid the foul smell from the pit to the outside world

For protection from rodents

• Actually in this case we put the bamboos too deep and construct a brick wall inside so that no rodents get entry from side vie ground

Protecting from fire:-

There is a possibility is there that these houses may catch fire due to very sunny day so to overcome that we need to design something so the main place where these houses catch fire is the outside body which is exposed to the sun and the other is near kitchen due to fire

• So for the outer body of the house and near the kitchen area, we need to avoid the materials which catches the fire very easily like grass or thin cotton materials and thin paper materials, or any other low ignition temperature materials

• In those places, we can use some other materials which have very high ignition temperature like tarpaulin sheets and others