Sir Isaac Newton is famous for his discoveries, He constructed the first telescope in 1668 and in 1669 he took over as Cambridge's Lucasian Professor of mathematics. He proposed the three laws of motion known as Newton's Laws of Motion which states that:

1: Every object in a state of uniform motion will remain in that state in that state of motion unless external forces act on it.

2: Force equals mass times acceleration, F+ MA , and

3: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. 

 Isaac Newton published his second major work "opticks" and he was Knighted by Queen Anne of England.

Charles Darwin is famous for his great impact in science. He formulated the following theories:

1: The theory of evolution by natural selection and descent with modification.

2: Published on the origin of species, a groundbreaking book that presented evidence for his theory. Conducting the influential voyage of the Beagle, where he collected and analyzed fossils, plants, and animals from different regions.

3: Solving the mystery of formation of coral reefs and atolls, and 

4: Exploring the concept of sexual selection and expression of emotions in animals and humans.

Lord Kelvin proposed the absolute temperature scale that is known as Kelvin scale. He defined absolute zero as 0 Kelvin (0K) where  molecules cease all motion. His work laid foundation for the concept of absolute temperature and the dynamical theory of heat. He also made contributions in various fields such as electricity, magnetism and geophysics.