The Massachusetts Education Reform Act of 1993 outlined a plan to drastically improve public schools across the state over the subsequent seven years. The Act is the reason that Massachusetts education looks the way it does to today, and has for my entire life. Major changes brought forth by the act include the development and adoption of state guidelines and a framework for curriculum, statewide student testing, a standardized set of graduation requirements, subject matter competency and literacy testing for teacher licensure, and district performance.

The state also developed a framework for curriculum standardized the scope and sequence of content and topics taught through all public schools in the state. This standardization was implemented as a way to ensure access to quality education for all students, regardless of district. They exist for all subjects and clearly outline the performance expectations students are expected to achieve over the course of each year. Additionally, they serve as the benchmarks around which standardized tests are designed. This was another new change brought on by the Massachusetts Educational Reform Act. Students are required to take the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) test in grades 4, 8, and 10. Moreover, passing the 10th grade exam in math, ELA, and science became a high school graduation requirement.

Regulations on the administration and teaching side of schools were also increased. As part of earning a teaching license, educators must pass the Massachusetts Tests for Educator Licensure (MTEL). This is a two part exam that proves proficiency in both English and communication, as well as subject of licensure. These standards apply to both new and veteran teachers in the state of Massachusetts. This is one aspect of the Act that raised regulations for teachers and ensured high standards for educators. Additionally, school and district performance are measured by the state, based in part on the previously mentioned MCAS. If schools are evaluated to be “under-performing,” Massachusetts can intervene in order to ensure students receive the quality education they are entitled to. This revolutionary Act was an important step in distinguishing Massachusetts public schools as some of the best in the nation and setting the state as a leader in public education.

The Every Student Succeed Act was passed in 2015 as a way to replace and improve upon the prior No Child Left Behind Act of 2002. This nationwide law reinforced the high stands of public education to all students, without exceptions. The Act highlights the importance of supporting students who are often disadvantaged in public education, like those with different needs addressed through 504 plans and IEPs, English Language Learners, minority students, and low-income students. The Every Student Succeeds Act federally dictates schools and states to be responsible for all students to reach proficiency in their academic subject (particularly English, Math, and Science) and meet or exceed challenging standards. This progress is measured through standardized testing, which is also used to inform the public of individual schools’ progress. The goal of this Act is ultimately to support schools in providing equitable, differentiated education that prepares all students for college or a career following high school graduation.