Dsseldorf is the fourth-busiest airport in Germany and handled almost 8 million passengers in 2021.[3] It is a hub for Eurowings and a focus city for several more airlines. The airport has three passenger terminals and two runways and can handle wide-body aircraft up to the Airbus A380.[4]
With around 16 million passengers passing through in 2022,[6] the airport was the fourth busiest in Germany, after Frankfurt Airport, Munich Airport and Berlin Brandenburg Airport. It was the 31st-busiest airport in Europe in 2022.
Dusseldorf Airport
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At the beginning of World War II, civil use of the airport ceased in September 1939 and the airfield was used by the military.[7] After the end of the war, the airport reopened for civil use in 1948. With the area under British administration, the first international flights were operated by British European Airways to London.[7]
On 1 April 1955, Lufthansa started services between Dsseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, and Munich,[7] which still exist today. In 1959, the first scheduled jet aircraft landed in Dsseldorf on Scandinavian Airlines' Copenhagen-Khartoum route.[7] In 1961, LTU relocated its home base from Cologne Bonn Airport and in the same year, Dsseldorf Airport handled more than one million passengers for the first time.[7]
In 1969 the main runway was lengthened to 3000 metres while a new second terminal was under construction.[7] The new Terminal 2, which is today's Terminal B, opened in April 1973.[7] Another addition, today's Terminal A, was opened in 1977[7] while the last annex, Terminal C, opened in 1986.[7]
On 11 April 1996, the Dsseldorf Airport fire, which is the worst structural airport fire worldwide to date, broke out. It was caused by welding work on an elevated road in front of Terminal A above its arrivals area. Insufficient structural fire protection allowed the fire and especially the smoke to spread fast, destroying large parts of the passenger areas of the airport. Seventeen people died, mostly due to smoke inhalation, with many more hospitalised. At the time, the fire was the biggest public disaster in the history of North Rhine-Westphalia. Damage to the airport was estimated to be in the hundreds of millions; Terminals A and B had to be completely reconstructed. While repairs were ongoing, passengers were housed in big tents.[8]
In November 1997, Terminal C was completely redeveloped, with three lightweight construction halls serving as departure areas. Also in 1997 construction began on the new inter-city railway station at the eastern edge of the airport. In 1998 the rebuilt Terminal A was reopened and the airport changed its name from "Rhine Ruhr Airport" to "Dsseldorf International". Reconstruction of the central building and Terminal B began in the same year.[9]
The new Dsseldorf Airport station was opened in May 2000, with a capacity of 300 train departures daily. 16 million passengers used the airport that year; Dsseldorf is now the third-biggest airport in Germany. The new departures hall and Terminal B were opened in July 2001 after 2 years of construction time; the rebuilt Gebude Ost (East Building) was reopened.
In 2002, the inter-terminal shuttle bus service was replaced by the suspended monorail called the SkyTrain connecting the terminal building with the InterCity train station. The monorail travels the 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) between the terminal and station at a maximum speed of 50 kilometres per hour (31 mph). The system was developed by Siemens and is based on the similar H-Bahn operating with two lines on the Dortmund university campus.
In January 2015, Emirates announced it would schedule the Airbus A380 on one of their two daily flights from Dubai to Dsseldorf starting in July 2015.[12] In May 2015, the airport finished construction of the new facilities needed to handle the A380, including a parking position with three jet-bridges, widened taxiways and new ground handling equipment.[4]
In June 2015, Lufthansa announced the closure of its long-haul base at Dsseldorf Airport for economic reasons by October 2015. The base consisted of two Airbus A340-300s which served Newark and Chicago-O'Hare. Newark remained a year-round service which is operated in a W-pattern from Munich Airport (Munich - Newark - Dsseldorf - Newark - Munich) while the Chicago service was suspended for the winter 2015/2016 season.[13] A few months later, Lufthansa announced the cancellation of the Dsseldorf-Chicago route.[14] The same route was served by American Airlines during the summer seasons from 2013[15] to 2016, when it was discontinued.[16]
In January 2017, the airport's largest hub operator Air Berlin announced a massive downsizing of its operations due to restructuring measures. While some leisure routes were handed to Niki more than a dozen destinations were cancelled entirely.[17] In August 2017, Air Berlin also announced the termination of all long-haul routes from Dsseldorf to destinations in the Caribbean on short notice due to ongoing bankruptcy proceedings.[18] However, both Condor and Eurowings announced it would step in and start some of the terminated Caribbean destinations by themselves.[19][20] Shortly after, Air Berlin also announced the termination of all remaining long-haul operations leading to the loss of several connections to the United States at Dsseldorf Airport.[21] On 9 October 2017, Air Berlin announced the termination of all of its own operations, excluding wetleases, by the end of the month[22][23] leading to the loss of one of the airport's largest customers.
In March 2018, Lufthansa announced it would close its base at Dsseldorf Airport after the 2018/2019 winter schedule which ended in March 2019. When the single remaining long-haul route to Newark was taken over by Eurowings, 400 staff members were offered a relocation to either Frankfurt Airport or Munich Airport.[25][26] In November 2018, Ryanair also announced they would close their base in Dsseldorf after only a year. Its routes were taken over by Lauda.[27]
In August 2020, Delta Air Lines removed the Atlanta route from their schedule due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[28] It started resuming its three-times-weekly service to and from Atlanta on May 9, 2023, albeit making the route to Dsseldorf summer seasonal only, therefore leaving the airport without any transatlantic connection in the winter season.[29]
Shortly after Delta Air Lines suspended its Atlanta route, Ryanair announced the closure of its base in Dsseldorf - which was operated on a wetlease basis by Lauda - by 24 October 2020.[30] In September 2020, Singapore Airlines permanently removed the route to Singapore from their schedule.[31]
In the autumn of 2022, German airline Sundair drastically reduced its operations from Dsseldorf, leaving a single route to Beirut. The two previously based aircraft were relocated. In January 2023 it became public that Sundair would not return to Dsseldorf in the summer season of 2023 with any flight, eradicating its former base from the network.[32][33]
Just five months after resuming the previously long-standing route to Atlanta, Delta Air Lines announced in September 2023 that it would not return to Dsseldorf in the 2024 summer season. The route had been announced at only three weekly flights and was downgraded to summer seasonal before it even started. This leaves Dsseldorf without a single scheduled transatlantic flight.[34] Previously, Delta operated the route daily and year-round for more than 15 years until the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dsseldorf is therefore experiencing a substantial cut by losing every route to the Americas. Since 2004, numerous carriers have flown to more than 15 destinations in North America, offering more than ten daily flights at their peak.[35]
Dsseldorf Airport has three terminals connected by a central spine, even though the terminals are essentially concourses within a single terminal building. The current terminal buildings are capable of handling up to 22 million passengers per year.
Since 2003, an area of 23 hectares (57 acres) southwest of the airport terminal has been under redevelopment as Dsseldorf Airport City with an anticipated gross floor area of 250,000 square metres (2,700,000 sq ft) to be completed by 2016. Already based at Dsseldorf Airport City are corporate offices of Siemens and VDI, a large Porsche centre and showroom, a Maritim Hotel,[38] and a Sheraton Hotel. Messe Dsseldorf is situated in close proximity to Dsseldorf Airport City (some 500 m or 1,600 ft).
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