Video Lessons 

Politics refers to the process of making decisions, exercising power, and resolving conflicts within a society or group. It involves the distribution of resources and authority.

Government refers to a formal institution or system that creates, enforces, and interprets laws to manage a society or state.

Governance is an act or process of governing, emphasizing the collaboration between government, organizations, and citizens to make decisions and implement policies effectively.

Political ideologies are sets of beliefs and values about how societies should be organized, governed, and function. They guide political actions and policies, addressing issues like power, equality, freedom, and justice. Examples include liberalism, conservatism, socialism, and nationalism.

Power (in government) refers to the authority and ability to make decisions, enforce laws, and influence behavior within a society. It is exercised through institutions and leaders to maintain order, implement policies, and achieve collective goals. 

Nation is a group of people united by shared identity, culture, language, or history, often occupying a specific territory.

State is a political entity with a defined territory, government, population, and sovereignty recognized by others.

Globalization refers to the interconnectedness of nations through trade, technology, culture, and politics, creating a more integrated and interdependent world.

The evolution of Philippine politics and governance reflects a transition from pre-colonial barangays led by chieftains, through colonial rule under Spain, the U.S., and Japan, to independence in 1946. It includes shifts from centralized colonial systems to democratic governance, marked by the establishment of the Philippine Republic, Martial Law, and the modern democratic era shaped by the 1987 Constitution.