VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask) is a technique that allows network administrators to divide an IP address space into subnets of different sizes, rather than dividing it into subnets of the same size. This allows for more efficient use of IP addresses, as smaller subnets can be used for smaller networks, and larger subnets can be used for larger networks.\nFor example, if a network administrator is given a Class C IP address space of 192.168.1.0\/24, they can use VLSM to divide it into two subnets: one with a \/25 mask for a smaller network, and one with a \/26 mask for a larger network. The smaller network would have 128 host addresses, and the larger network would have 64 host addresses.\nThis allows the administrator to assign IP addresses more efficiently, as they can use the larger subnet for a network that needs more IP addresses and the smaller subnet for a network that needs fewer IP addresses.\n\n\n\n","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Amakiri Welekwe","description":"Amakiri is a UK-trained technology consultant and cybersecurity evangelist, working at the intersection of security, technology, and people. He has a master\u2019s degree in network systems with over 10 years\u2019 experience in managing IT services and infrastructure. He\u2019s been writing about cybersecurity since 2013.\n","url":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/author\/"}}},{"@type":"Question","name":"What does it mean when it says \"IP not in subnet range\"?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u201cIP not in subnet range\u201d simply means that you are attempting to use\u00a0 an IP address that doesn\u2019t belong to the block of IP\u2019s defined by the subnet mask in question. Based on our VLSM example above, if the network address and subnet mask for LAN B is 192.168.4.0 and 255.255.255.192 (\/26) respectively, and you are trying to use an ip address of 192.168.2.2 then you will get an \u201cip not in subnet range\u201d error. The only usable host IP addresses in range are 192.168.4.1\u2013192.168.4.62 as shown on Table 9.0.\n","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Amakiri Welekwe","description":"Amakiri is a UK-trained technology consultant and cybersecurity evangelist, working at the intersection of security, technology, and people. He has a master\u2019s degree in network systems with over 10 years\u2019 experience in managing IT services and infrastructure. He\u2019s been writing about cybersecurity since 2013.\n","url":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/author\/"}}},{"@type":"Question","name":"How do you calculate VSLM?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The simplest way to calculate VLSM is by using a subnetting chart like the one shown in Table 3.0 above, and then following the steps below:\n\nArrange the requirements of IP addresses in descending order like the one shown on Table 4.0 above\nUsing the subnetting chart, assign the appropriate subnet masks to each subnet based on the required number of hosts.\u00a0\nAllocate one the resulting subnets to the designated LAN\u00a0 and reserve the rest for future use\nPick the next available subnet from step 3 above, and repeat the subnetting process using the chart till you get to last network on your list\nReview and document your subnetting summary\u00a0\n\nPlease see the \u201cImplementing VLSM Subnetting\u201d section above for detailed explanation.\n","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Amakiri Welekwe","description":"Amakiri is a UK-trained technology consultant and cybersecurity evangelist, working at the intersection of security, technology, and people. He has a master\u2019s degree in network systems with over 10 years\u2019 experience in managing IT services and infrastructure. He\u2019s been writing about cybersecurity since 2013.\n","url":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/author\/"}}},{"@type":"Question","name":"How would the use of VLSM impact your choice of routing protocols?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Well, the bad news is that not all routing protocols support VLSM. Classful routing protocols such as RIPv1 and IGRP, do not support VLSM. Therefore, it\u2019s important to ensure that you configure your router for VLSM with one of the supported protocols. But the good news is that all current generation of routing protocols such as RIPv2\/v3, OSPF, IS-IS, EIGRP,\u00a0 BGP, and even Static routes, are classless and therefore support VLSM.\u00a0\n","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Amakiri Welekwe","description":"Amakiri is a UK-trained technology consultant and cybersecurity evangelist, working at the intersection of security, technology, and people. He has a master\u2019s degree in network systems with over 10 years\u2019 experience in managing IT services and infrastructure. He\u2019s been writing about cybersecurity since 2013.\n","url":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/author\/"}}},{"@type":"Question","name":"What are the 5 classes in subnetting?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"In IP addressing, there are five classes of IP addresses: A, B, C, D, and E.\n\nClass A addresses have a default mask of 255.0.0.0 and a range of 1.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255. The first octet is used for the network address and the remaining three octets are used for the host address.\nClass B addresses have a default mask of 255.255.0.0 and a range of 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255. The first two octets are used for the network address and the remaining two octets are used for the host address.\nClass C addresses have a default mask of 255.255.255.0 and a range of 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255. The first three octets are used for the network address and the last octet is used for the host address.\nClass D addresses are reserved for multicast groups and have a range of 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255\nClass E addresses are reserved for experimental or future use and have a range of 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.255\n\nNote that, nowadays Class A,B,C are mostly used for subnetting, class D and E are not used for subnetting\n","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Amakiri Welekwe","description":"Amakiri is a UK-trained technology consultant and cybersecurity evangelist, working at the intersection of security, technology, and people. He has a master\u2019s degree in network systems with over 10 years\u2019 experience in managing IT services and infrastructure. He\u2019s been writing about cybersecurity since 2013.\n","url":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/author\/"}}}]} {"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Net Admin","item":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/net-admin\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) Tutorial","item":"https:\/\/www.comparitech.com\/net-admin\/variable-length-subnet-mask-vlsm-tutorial\/"}]}Net AdminVariable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) Tutorial We are funded by our readers and may receive a commission when you buy using links on our site. Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) Tutorial To fully understand VLSM, we need to know the fundamentals. This tutorial explains what a subnet mask, subnetting, and supernetting is and how to implement. Amakiri Welekwe Technology Advisor | Cybersecurity Evangelist UPDATED: August 9, 2023 body.single .section.main-content.sidebar-active .col.grid-item.sidebar.span_1_of_3 { float: right; } body.single .section.main-content.sidebar-active .col.grid-item.content.span_2_of_3 { margin-left: 0; }
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