If you're a music production beginner, all of these file abbreviations can become confusing. Everything gets a bit simpler though when you realise that all audio formats can be split into three major categories:

The most popular lossy format and a universally-recognised name, MP3 files work on most devices and are often only a fraction of the size of lossless files. MP3 files are absolutely fine for the majority of listeners, since most of the sound dropped is inaudible.


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The popularity of MP3 files stems from their manageable file size and the marginal loss of sound data that only exists beyond the hearing range of normal people. These file types are able to reduce the quality of sounds that aren't easy to hear and compress all other audio data as efficiently as possible.

Originally developed in 1997, Advanced Audio Coding or AAC was tipped as the new MP3. Despite never overtaking MP3 in terms of popularity, AAC files generally produce a better sound quality due to the more technical compression process.

Files take up very little space and are great for streaming, especially over mobile devices. Requiring less than 1 MB per minute of music and sounding better than MP3 at the same bitrate, AAC files are used by iTunes, Apple Music and Android, as well as games brands Nintendo and Sony PlayStation.

Many music professionals consider OGG to be a more efficient alternative to MP3, with the format providing better sound at the same bitrate - giving the same audio quality through a smaller file size.

Opposite lossy compression comes lossless compression. This method reduces an audio file's size without sacrificing any loss of data between the source audio file and the compressed audio file. Sounds great, right?

Standing for Free Lossless Audio Codec, FLAC has become one of the most popular lossless formats of the last couple of decades. FLAC compresses original source files by up to 60% - without getting rid of any data.

PCM is the most common uncompressed audio format used in CDs and DVDs. Standing for Pulse-Code Modulation, PCM offers a digital recording of raw analog audio signals. Analog sounds exist in the form of waveforms, so sound must be recorded at specific intervals (also known as pulses) in order to be converted into digital bits.

Audacity is proudly open source. This means its source code remains open to anyone to view or modify. 

 A dedicated worldwide community of passionate audio lovers have collaborated to make Audacity the well-loved software it is today. Many third-party plugins have also been developed for Audacity thanks to its open source nature.

Each audio file type has unique benefits and drawbacks. Determine which one is best for specific tasks or situations to save time and reduce stressful errors. Here are seven popular audio file types and some unique differences between them.

The M4A is an mpeg-4 audio file. It is an audio-compressed file used in the modern setting due to increased quality demand as a result of cloud storage and bigger hard drive space in contemporary computers. Its high quality keeps it relevant, as users who need to hear distinct sounds on audio files will need this over more common file types.

The MP3 audio file is an MPEG audio layer 3 file format. The key feature of MP3 files is the compression that saves valuable space while maintaining near-flawless quality of the original source of sound. This compression makes the MP3 very popular for all mobile audio-playing devices, particularly the Apple iPod.

An MP4 audio file type is a comprehensive media extension, capable of holding audio, video and other media. The MP4 contains data in the file, rather than code. This is important to note as MP4 files require different codecs to implement the code artificially and allow it to be read.

The AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) is an audio file that delivers decently high-quality sound and is enhanced using advanced coding. It has never been one of the most popular audio formats, especially when it comes to music files, but the AAC does still serve some purpose for major systems. This includes popular mobile devices and video gaming units, where the AAC is a standard audio component.

Master your understanding of the trade offs between audio file types to optimize specific audio file libraries. Strong audio file benefit and functionality knowledge boosts efficiency. If you need to organize your audio files, Canto digital asset management does the trick.

Advanced Audio Coding, or AAC files (also known as MPEG-4 AAC), take up very little space and are good for streaming, especially over mobile devices. Requiring less than 1 MB per minute of music and sounding better than MP3 at the same bitrate, the AAC format is used by iTunes/Apple Music, YouTube, and Android.

These files decompress back to their original size, keeping sound quality intact. Audio professionals want all of the original sound waves, so they prefer lossless. These files can be several times larger than MP3s. Lossless bitrates depend on the volume and density of the music, rather than the quality of the audio.

Direct Stream Digital is an uncompressed, high-resolution audio format. These files encode sound using pulse-density modulation. They are very large, with a sample rate as much as 64 times that of a regular audio CD, so they require top-of-the-line audio systems.

Pulse-Code Modulation, used for CDs and DVDs, captures analog waveforms and turns them into digital bits. Until DSD, this was thought to be the closest you could get to capturing complete analog audio quality.

An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called the audio coding format and can be uncompressed, or compressed to reduce the file size, often using lossy compression. The data can be a raw bitstream in an audio coding format, but it is usually embedded in a container format or an audio data format with defined storage layer.

It is important to distinguish between the audio coding format, the container containing the raw audio data, and an audio codec. A codec performs the encoding and decoding of the raw audio data while this encoded data is (usually) stored in a container file. Although most audio file formats support only one type of audio coding data (created with an audio coder), a multimedia container format (as Matroska or AVI) may support multiple types of audio and video data.

One major uncompressed audio format, LPCM, is the same variety of PCM as used in Compact Disc Digital Audio and is the format most commonly accepted by low level audio APIs and D/A converter hardware. Although LPCM can be stored on a computer as a raw audio format, it is usually stored in a .wav file on Windows or in a .aiff file on macOS. The Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) format is based on the Interchange File Format (IFF), and the WAV format is based on the similar Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). WAV and AIFF are designed to store a wide variety of audio formats, lossless and lossy; they just add a small, metadata-containing header before the audio data to declare the format of the audio data, such as LPCM with a particular sample rate, bit depth, endianness and number of channels. Since WAV and AIFF are widely supported and can store LPCM, they are suitable file formats for storing and archiving an original recording.

BWF (Broadcast Wave Format) is a standard audio format created by the European Broadcasting Union as a successor to WAV. Among other enhancements, BWF allows more robust metadata to be stored in the file. See European Broadcasting Union: Specification of the Broadcast Wave Format (EBU Technical document 3285, July 1997). This is the primary recording format used in many professional audio workstations in the television and film industry. BWF files include a standardized timestamp reference which allows for easy synchronization with a separate picture element. Stand-alone, file based, multi-track recorders from AETA,[1] Sound Devices,[2] Zaxcom,[3] HHB Communications Ltd,[4] Fostex, Nagra, Aaton,[5] and TASCAM all use BWF as their preferred format.

Uncompressed audio formats encode both sound and silence with the same number of bits per unit of time. Encoding an uncompressed minute of absolute silence produces a file of the same size as encoding an uncompressed minute of music. In a lossless compressed format, however, the music would occupy a smaller file than an uncompressed format and the silence would take up almost no space at all.

Lossless compression formats include FLAC, WavPack, Monkey's Audio, ALAC (Apple Lossless). They provide a compression ratio of about 2:1 (i.e. their files take up half the space of PCM). Development in lossless compression formats aims to reduce processing time while maintaining a good compression ratio.

Lossy audio format enables even greater reductions in file size by removing some of the audio information and simplifying the data. This, of course, results in a reduction in audio quality, but a variety of techniques are used, mainly by exploiting psychoacoustics, to remove the parts of the sound that have the least effect on perceived quality, and to minimize the amount of audible noise added during the process. The popular MP3 format is probably the best-known example, but the AAC format found on the iTunes Music Store is also common. Most formats offer a range of degrees of compression, generally measured in bit rate. The lower the rate, the smaller the file and the more significant the quality loss.

We have created a Home Video and Photo library and then created a number of folders with heaps of photos and videos. No problems. Also created a Music Library and placed a few folders in here with a few mp3 or wma tracks in each folder. Emby can find the folders and display them correctly but it never finds any of the music files within the folders.

Reading other Forum posts indicated that it has to be a file (track name) within a folder (album) within folder (artist), and that structure is what we have. Having another folder along with any files means that Emby will bypass those files and look only inside the folder. We originally had this but fixed that problem. 2351a5e196

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