I go into sound settings and my headphones drivers say Microsoft 10.0.22621.1 despite the fact i have Intel Bluetooth 23.0.010 installed. Also have under Networks Devices a Bluetooth Personal Area Network which I don't trust.

I disabled the bluetooth area network. i was looking at the Intel Bluetoooth 23.0.0.10 driver and its has a tab for firmware i dont ever remember seeing before. I didn't even think Bluetooth drivers had firmware.


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There are probably many things in the Device Manager we have not noticed. My firmware version is different from yours but if you check the Advanced tab in properties, where it shows LMP 12, or whatever yours shows, that is the Bluetooth version, such as Bluetooth 5.2 or 4.x or earlier.

Yeah I have Bluetooth 5.2 and its working but the sound quality id pretty bad. So I went searching adn found out here is an app with a free trial that will let you use Sony's LDAC codec up to 24-bit and 9600KhZ.

And no one needs hi-rez audio just so some wasted porn star can scream DON"T STOP! DONT STOP! F*ck that p*ssy!(or something much much worse from a fetish category you cant seem to break free from) so loud at 3am that it scares you limp and worried it woke your whole family up.

Routing is the mechanism that allows a system to find the network path to another system.A route is a defined pair of addresses which represent the "destination" and a "gateway".The route indicates that when trying to get to the specified destination, send the packets through the specified gateway.There are three types of destinations: individual hosts, subnets, and "default".The "default route" is used if no other routes apply.There are also three types of gateways: individual hosts, interfaces, also called links, and Ethernet hardware (MAC) addresses.Known routes are stored in a routing table.

The first route in this table specifies the default route.When the local system needs to make a connection to a remote host, it checks the routing table to determine if a known path exists.If the remote host matches an entry in the table, the system checks to see if it can connect using the interface specified in that entry.

If the destination does not match an entry, or if all known paths fail, the system uses the entry for the default route.For hosts on a local area network, the Gateway field in the default route is set to the system which has a direct connection to the Internet.When reading this entry, verify that the Flags column indicates that the gateway is usable (UG).

The second route is the localhost route.The interface specified in the Netif column for localhost is lo0, also known as the loopback device.This indicates that all traffic for this destination should be internal, rather than sending it out over the network.

The addresses beginning with 0:e0: are MAC addresses.FreeBSD will automatically identify any hosts, test0 in the example, on the local Ethernet and add a route for that host over the Ethernet interface, re0.This type of route has a timeout, seen in the Expire column, which is used if the host does not respond in a specific amount of time.When this happens, the route to this host will be automatically deleted.These hosts are identified using the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), which calculates routes to local hosts based upon a shortest path determination.

FreeBSD will automatically add subnet routes for the local subnet.In this example, 10.20.30.255 is the broadcast address for the subnet 10.20.30 and example.com is the domain name associated with that subnet.The designation link#1 refers to the first Ethernet card in the machine.

Local network hosts and local subnets have their routes automatically configured by a daemon called routed(8).If it is not running, only routes which are statically defined by the administrator will exist.

A FreeBSD system can be configured as the default gateway, or router, for a network if it is a dual-homed system.A dual-homed system is a host which resides on at least two different networks.Typically, each network is connected to a separate network interface, though IP aliasing can be used to bind multiple addresses, each on a different subnet, to one physical interface.

In order for the system to forward packets between interfaces, FreeBSD must be configured as a router.Internet standards and good engineering practice prevent the FreeBSD Project from enabling this feature by default, but it can be configured to start at boot by adding this line to /etc/rc.conf:

The routing table of a router needs additional routes so it knows how to reach other networks.Routes can be either added manually using static routes or routes can be automatically learned using a routing protocol.Static routes are appropriate for small networks and this section describes how to add a static routing entry for a small network.

For large networks, static routes quickly become unscalable.FreeBSD comes with the standard BSD routing daemon routed(8), which provides the routing protocols RIP, versions 1 and 2, and IRDP.Support for the BGP and OSPF routing protocols can be installed using the net/quagga package or port.

In this scenario, RouterA is a FreeBSD machine that is acting as a router to the rest of the Internet.It has a default route set to 10.0.0.1 which allows it to connect with the outside world.RouterB is already configured to use 192.168.1.1 as its default gateway.

Now, RouterA can reach any host on the 192.168.2.0/24 network.However, the routing information will not persist if the FreeBSD system reboots.If a static route needs to be persistent, add it to /etc/rc.conf:

The static_routes configuration variable is a list of strings separated by a space, where each string references a route name.The variable route_internalnet2 contains the static route for that route name.

There is a system that keeps track of all assigned address spaces and defines their point of connection to the Internet backbone, or the main trunk lines that carry Internet traffic across the country and around the world.Each backbone machine has a copy of a master set of tables, which direct traffic for a particular network to a specific backbone carrier, and from there down the chain of service providers until it reaches a particular network.

Sometimes, there is a problem with route propagation and some sites are unable to connect.Perhaps the most useful command for trying to figure out where routing is breaking down is traceroute.It is useful when ping fails.

When using traceroute, include the address of the remote host to connect to.The output will show the gateway hosts along the path of the attempt, eventually either reaching the target host, or terminating because of a lack of connection.For more information, refer to traceroute(8).

FreeBSD natively supports both multicast applications and multicast routing.Multicast applications do not require any special configuration in order to run on FreeBSD.Support for multicast routing requires that the following option be compiled into a custom kernel:

The multicast routing daemon, mrouted can be installed using the net/mrouted package or port.This daemon implements the DVMRP multicast routing protocol and is configured by editing /usr/local/etc/mrouted.conf in order to set up the tunnels and DVMRP.The installation of mrouted also installs map-mbone and mrinfo, as well as their associated man pages.Refer to these for configuration examples.

A simpler way to express this is with a space-separated list of IP address ranges.The first address will be given the indicated subnet mask and the additional addresses will have a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255.

The second way to use WPA is with an 802.1X backend authentication server.In this case, WPA is called WPA Enterprise to differentiate it from the less secure WPA Personal.Authentication in WPA Enterprise is based on the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP).

With EAP-TLS, both the authentication server and the client need a certificate.With EAP-TTLS, a client certificate is optional.This method is similar to a web server which creates a secure SSL tunnel even if visitors do not have client-side certificates.EAP-TTLS uses an encrypted TLS tunnel for safe transport of the authentication data.

Protected EAP (PEAP) is designed as an alternative to EAP-TTLS and is the most used EAP standard after EAP-TLS.In a network with mixed operating systems, PEAP should be the most supported standard after EAP-TLS.

PEAP is similar to EAP-TTLS as it uses a server-side certificate to authenticate clients by creating an encrypted TLS tunnel between the client and the authentication server, which protects the ensuing exchange of authentication information.PEAP authentication differs from EAP-TTLS as it broadcasts the username in the clear and only the password is sent in the encrypted TLS tunnel.EAP-TTLS will use the TLS tunnel for both the username and password.

FreeBSD can act as an Access Point (AP) which eliminates the need to buy a hardware AP or run an ad-hoc network.This can be particularly useful when a FreeBSD machine is acting as a gateway to another network such as the Internet.

Before configuring a FreeBSD machine as an AP, the kernel must be configured with the appropriate networking support for the wireless card as well as the security protocols being used.For more details, see [network-wireless-basic].

Although it is not recommended to run an AP without any authentication or encryption, this is a simple way to check if the AP is working.This configuration is also important for debugging client issues.

This section focuses on setting up a FreeBSD access point using the WPA2 security protocol.More details regarding WPA and the configuration of WPA-based wireless clients can be found in [network-wireless-wpa].

The following configuration operations are performed on the FreeBSD machine acting as the AP.Once the AP is correctly working, hostapd(8) can be automatically started at boot with this line in /etc/rc.conf:

Bluetooth is a wireless technology for creating personal networks operating in the 2.4 GHz unlicensed band, with a range of 10 meters.Networks are usually formed ad-hoc from portable devices such as cellular phones, handhelds, and laptops.Unlike Wi-Fi wireless technology, Bluetooth offers higher level service profiles, such as FTP-like file servers, file pushing, voice transport, serial line emulation, and more. 152ee80cbc

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