Methodology

Research Methodology:

• Research Design: This study employs a qualitative research design to delve into the intricate balance between the local community and its natural surroundings in Lahad Datu. Qualitative methods are chosen for their ability to capture rich, contextualized data and insights.

• Data Collection Methods:

  • In-depth Interviews: Conducting semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders including community leaders, environmental activists, government officials, and local residents to gather nuanced perspectives on environmental practices, challenges, and initiatives in Lahad Datu.

  • Observations: Engaging in participant observation to immerse in the daily lives and practices of the community, gaining firsthand insights into their interactions with the environment.

  • Document Analysis: Reviewing relevant documents such as government reports, environmental policies, and community initiatives to complement interview and observational data.

• • Sampling Strategy:

  • Purposive Sampling: Selecting participants who possess diverse experiences, expertise, and perspectives relevant to environmental sustainability in Lahad Datu.

  • Snowball Sampling: Utilizing existing contacts within the community to identify additional participants who may contribute valuable insights to the study.

• Data Analysis:

  • Thematic Analysis: Employing thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns, themes, and narratives within the data collected from interviews, observations, and document analysis.

  • Constant Comparative Method: Iteratively comparing and contrasting data across different sources to deepen understanding and uncover emergent themes.

  • Coding: Systematically coding data to categorize and organize information into meaningful segments for analysis.

• Ethical Considerations:

  • Informed Consent: Ensuring that all participants are fully informed about the study's objectives, procedures, and potential risks, and obtaining their voluntary consent prior to data collection.

  • Confidentiality: Safeguarding the anonymity and confidentiality of participants by de-identifying data and storing it securely.

  • Respect for Participants: Respecting the perspectives, beliefs, and cultural norms of participants throughout the research process.

• Validity and Reliability:

  • Triangulation: Employing multiple data collection methods and sources to enhance the credibility and trustworthiness of findings.

  • Peer Debriefing: Seeking feedback from colleagues and experts in the field to validate interpretations and enhance the rigor of the study.

  • Member Checking: Inviting participants to review and confirm the accuracy of findings to ensure the authenticity of interpretations.

• Limitations:

  • Contextual Specificity: Acknowledging that findings may be specific to the context of Lahad Datu and may not be directly generalizable to other settings.

  • Researcher Bias: Recognizing the potential for researcher bias in data collection and analysis, and employing reflexivity to mitigate its impact.