Web technology is developed but lacks major application. Curious hobbyists begin tinkering with the tools, sharing knowledge and developing their own projects.

Early commercial applications of websites begin to emerge. Interest in having a web page extends beyond those knowledgeable with the technology. Those with skills begin to find opportunities to work professionally as web designers.

With exponential growth in internet usage, demand for web developers increases, as does the supply of self-taught coders. Schools begin to offer web development certification, which becomes an entry requirement for aspiring developers. Employers see certification as maintaining industry standards and screening for minimum competence.

Working developers face changes to the technology, and need to continue learning in order to remain current. With the lag between new technology entering formal school or workplace training material, developers use DIY learning to improve their skills. 

Recognizing the ability of working professionals to learn skills via DIY learning, unconventional education options emerge: bootcamps, online certificates. These combine the independent nature of DIY learning with the endorsement and accreditation aspects of formal classroom training.

The complexity of the industry makes formal education no longer a sufficient indicator of competency. Employers begin to look at both formal and informal education, evaluating demonstration of skills as much or more as academic credentials.

Freelance work becomes a viable option again, offering independence and autonomy for contractors and flexible spending options for companies buying services. Developers work off of demonstrated skills and professional referrals; formal credentials are of minimal importance, if any.