The leatherback sea turtle can be spotted in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. They prefer tropical climates but are known to travel to colder areas such as Alaska. The global population is estimated to have between 34,000 and 36,000 nesting females. The pacific leatherback turtle is the most critical to extinction with only 2 known nesting females left.
The current IUCN status is listed at vulnerable Globally but some areas such as the Pacific and Southwest Atlantic list them as critically endangered.
The leatherback sea turtle population is currently in such a rapid decline for a handful of reasons. The first reason is consumption of trash like plastic bags that resemble their primary food, jellyfish. They either choke on the bags or cannot digest them and die. Another reason is from fishing incidents where the turtle may become hooked by fishing line or damaged from a boat. Illegal catching and killing is also a threat. Lastly, coastal changes to their nesting environments. If they dont have an adequate sandy beach to nest, they cannot lay their eggs. Protecting these biodiversity hotspots is very important!
Conservation Efforts and Protection
The leatherback sea turtle is a protected species under the Federal Endangered Species Act in an effort to slow extinction rates. Its is illegal in most areas to hunt live turtles or to interfere with their nests and clutches of eggs in any way. There are plenty of ways we can help to protect what is left of the leatherback species. Recycling plastics ans cutting drink ringers are some very important ways we can benefit all marine life. Protecting the habitat heterogeneity is also important! During nesting season (March - October) there are some things we can do to help protect the young hatchlings. Rangers typically patrol the beach multiple times a day during the peak season monitoring the species-area relationship and survey spotted turtles and mark off nests in an attempt to protect them. Its important to notify a ranger if a new nest has been located and not protected. Any marked off areas need to be respected with a look but dont touch thought process. The lights are all turned out at night because turtles cant see very well in the bright light. It is also important that we remember to fill in any dug trenches and knock down sand castles from tourists and make life just a little easier for these gentle giants.
Click any of the above links to learn more about leatherback sea turtles and what you can do to help!
References
Leatherback Sea Turtle. (Retrieved May 2, 2023). Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Leatherback sea turtle | FWC (myfwc.com)
Information About Sea Turtles: Leatherback Sea Turtle. (Retrieved May 2, 2023). Sea Turtle Conservancy. Information About Sea Turtles: Leatherback Sea Turtle – Sea Turtle Conservancy (conserveturtles.org)
Leatherback Sea Turtle. (Retrieved May 3, 2023). Loggerhead Marinelife Center. Leatherback Sea Turtle - Loggerhead Marinelife Center
Sea Turtle Conservation. (Retrieved May 3, 2023). Oceanic Society. Sea Turtle Conservation Program - Oceanic Society