Comparison of Social Emotional Learning Programs Throughout K-12 Education
Pre-K
CASEL Rating
Promising
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
PreK-3
Student Characteristics
Rural, Suburban, Hispanic / Latinx, White, Low income
Performance Atmosphere
Home, Classroom
Evidential Outcomes
Reduced emotional Distress Reduced behavior problems, Improved social behaviors.
Growing Early Mindsets is a program for PreK-3 and helps young learners grow in their capacity as learners. For any young learner, starting school can cause changes in behavior and personality as routines are disrupted, new social norms are learned, and education expectations are introduced(Mindset Works, 2017). Through alignment with CASEL, Common Core, and Head Start Early Learning standards, the GEM program teaches students growth mindset, SEL competencies, and mindfulness through interactive daily lessons. CASEL ranks GEM as Promising in their rankings, meaning that GEM has demonstrated effectiveness in improving, at the highest level, student outcomes across two or more competencies of SEL (CASEL, 2022).
CASEL Rating
SELect
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
PreK
Student Characteristics
City, Suburban, Black / African American, White, Multi-racial / other, Low income
Performance Atmosphere
Home, Classroom
Evidential Outcomes
Improved social behaviors
Al's Pals is a program for PreK students that usings interactive lessons, puppets, music, and teaching approaches to give children skills in all competencies of SEL, mindfulness, empathy, and relationships (Al's Pals, 2022). They are recognized by CASEL as a “SELect” program, meaning that Pals has demonstrated effectiveness in improving, at the highest level, student outcomes across all competencies of SEL (CASEL, 2022). Al’s Pals is also nationally recognized by the National Center on Quality Teaching and Learning, The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, and the Department of Education as a program of worth based on high evidential performance (Al's Pals, 2022). Al’s Pals has demonstrated exceptional results across rural and urban communities, including students who exhibit the following characteristics: Hispanic/Latinx, White, and Low Income. Al’s Pals shows that SEL education positively impacts the classroom, the home, and the community.
Elementary
CASEL Rating
Promising
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
3, 4, 5, 6
Student Characteristics
Black / African American, White, Low income
Performance Atmosphere
Home, Classroom, School, Community
Evidential Outcomes
Improved academic performance, reduced behavior problems, Improved school climate, Improved School Connectedness, Improved Teaching Practices, and Improved other SEL skills and attitudes.
Collaborative Classroom’s Caring School Community is an SEL education program designed to build classrooms and school communities based upon increased connection, relationships, and bonding associated with the school. The Caring School Community framework is 30 weeks of 30 minute daily lessons that teach students self skills and interpersonal skills with a focus on creating relationships with all school community members (Collaborative Classroom, 2022). CSC also has an approach to self-discpline versus external discipline. CASEL has awarded CSC with a SELect rating, meaning that Caring School Community is an “evidence-based, well designed, and classroom-based program that systematically promotes students’ social and emotional competence, provides practice opportunities, offers multiyear programming, and delivers high-quality training and other implementation supports” (CASEL, 2022).
CASEL Rating
SEL-Supportive
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
3
Student Characteristics
Suburban, Low income
Performance Atmosphere
Home, Classroom, School
Evidential Outcomes
Improved academic performance
Inner Explorers focuses on developing all five core competencies of SEL and incorporating mindfulness practices. While CASEL has only ranked IE as an SEL Supportive Program, other studies have shown proven success in improving school culture); prompting mental well-being); Enhancing academic performance; and reducing teacher and student stress (Mindfulness-Based Social Emotional Learning Research, n.d.)
Middle School
CASEL Rating
SELect
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
7, 8, 9, 10
Student Characteristics
Urban, Rural, Urbancity, Asian / Asian American, Black / African American, Hispanic / Latinx, White, Multi-racial / other, Low income
Performance Atmosphere
Home, Classroom, School, Community
Evidential Outcomes
Reduced behavior problems, Improved school climate, Improved identity development and agency, Improved Teaching Practices, and Improved other SEL skills and attitudes.
Facing History and Ourselves (FHAO) is a program that focuses on integrating character education into social students and language arts through historical context and examples of conflict, injustice, and discrimination (Jagers et al. 2015, 174, in Durlak et al. 2015). Through the historical lessons, FHAO embeds teaching of tolerance, social skills, social justice, and civic responsibility to allow students to create a culture of growth, empathy, and restorative justice. CASEL has rated FHAO as SELect, meaning that FHAO “has demonstrated effectiveness in improving, at the highest level, student outcomes across all competencies of SEL” (CASEL, 2022). One study in 2001 found that using FHAO in the classroom had significant impacts on “student psychosocial competence and racist attitudes (Jagers et al. 2015, 174, in Durlak et al. 2015).
CASEL Rating
Promising
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
7, 8
Student Characteristics
Urban, Suburban
Black / African American, Hispanic / Latinx, Indigenous, White, Low income
Performance Atmosphere
Home, Classroom
Evidential Outcomes
Reduced Behavior Problems
Keeping It Real (KIR) focuses on the SEL competency of responsible decision-making. KIR is a substance abuse prevention program aimed at middle school students which utilizes a set of ten lessons focusing on youth, ethnicity, gender, and cultural relevancies to help students understand responsible decision making (Jagers et al. 2015, 174, in Durlak et al., 2015). CASEL has given KIR a rating of Promising. KIR has been shown to be impactful compared to other substance abuse programs for middle school students (Jagers et al. 2015, 174, in Durlak et al., 2015).
High School
CASEL Rating
SELect
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
9
Student Characteristics
Urban, Rural, Urbancity, Black / African American, Hispanic / Latinx, White, Low income
Performance Atmosphere
Home, Classroom, School, Community
Evidential Outcomes
Improved School Improved other SEL skills and attitudes.
Peer Connection Group-High School (PCGHS) is an evidence-based school-based program that provides scaffolding and support for students as they transition from middle school to high school through peer groups of older students working for and with younger students (Center for Supportive Schools, n.d.). CASEL has given PCGHS a rating of SELect as it utilizes methods that align with the five SEL competencies. Studies have shown that PCGHS is effective at having an impact on students and their social relationships, feelings towards school, and their attendance and academic performance (Jagers et al. 2015, 174, in Durlak et al. 2015).
CASEL Rating
Not Rated
Grade Bands with Proven Performance
9
Student Characteristics
Not Provided in Study
Performance Atmosphere
School, Classroom
Evidential Outcomes
Reduced Behavior Problems, Improved School Climate
Improved Completion Rates
Check & Connect (C&C) is an SEL program that targets students at risk of dropping out of school or in trouble of academic underperformance. Through engaging lessons and activities that build connections between youth and school, students obtain self-responsibility for their actions and seek pathways to connect to the classroom or teachers in order to self-correct their behavioral or academic issues. C&C aligns with the five CASEL competencies for SEL along with academic motivations. Studies have shown that C&C has increased academic achievement and increased behavior correction competence (Jagers et al. 2015, 174, in Durlak et al., 2015).
References
Al's Pals. (2022). Social Emotional Learning Curriculum - Al's Pals. Teaching Strategies. https://teachingstrategies.com/product/als-pals/
CASEL Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning. (2022). Program Guide. CASEL: Advancing Social and Emotional Learning. https://pg.casel.org/
Center for Supportive Schools. (n.d.). Peer Group Connection- High School. Center for Supportive Schools. https://www.supportiveschools.org/peer-group-connection
Collaborative Classroom. (2022). Caring School Community - Center for the Collaborative Classroom. Collaborative Classroom. https://www.collaborativeclassroom.org/programs/caring-school-community/
Gullotta, T. P., Comer, J. P., Durlak, J. A., & Domitrovich, C. E. (2015). Handbook of Social and Emotional Learning: Research and Practice (R. P. Weissberg, Ed.). Guilford Publications.
Mindfulness Based Social Emotional Learning Research. (n.d.). Inner Explorer. https://innerexplorer.org/research.html
Mindset Works. (2017). GEM | Growing Early Mindset Program | MindsetWorks. Mindset Works. https://www.mindsetworks.com/Programs/Gem
Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., & Hulleman, C. S. (2015). Chapter 10 SEL in Elementary School Settings; Identifying Mechanisms That Matter. In J. A. Durlak, C. E. Domitrovich, R. P. Weissberg, & T. P. Gullotta (Eds.), Handbook of Social and Emotional Learning: Research and Practice (pp. 151-166). Guilford Publications.