anxiety levels based on these situations. Anxiety was used as a measure on confidence in this study. The volunteers were asked to partake in going to class and going out with girlfriends. In the first phase of the study they were asked to wear their normal makeup to each situation: their normal “class” makeup to class and their normal “out” makeup while going out. They were then asked to wear their “class” makeup while going out and their “out” makeup while going to class. In each situation the participants were asked to fill out a survey that sought to measure anxiety. Results showed that “participants felt more anxious while wearing ‘class’ makeup in both situations. Less anxiety was felt when wearing ‘party’ or ‘out’ makeup, even when in class (Scott, n.d., p. 4). This finding rejects the assumption that “matching makeup to a situation will produce less anxiety and increase confidence” (Scott, n.d., p. 6). Although this finding does not support the hypothesis, it is still important to remember that because the subjects were aware of the study, expectations could have occurred based on the study. Because “out” makeup is usually associated with more makeup, it is reasonable to infer that more makeup made these women feel more comfortable in all types of situations, again supporting the idea that makeup can be used as a way to create a malleable self and control anxiety. The previous two studies, “’Who wears cosmetics?’ Individual Differences and Their Relationship with Cosmetic Usage” and “The Influence of Cosmetics on the Confidence of THE BEAUTY INDUSTRY’S INFLUENCE ON WOMEN 10 College Women,” both touch upon the idea of Self-Monitoring, which is the “extent to which consumers use situational cues to guide their social behavior” (Kardes, Cronley, & Cline, 2011, p. 158). Mark Snyder performed the original study that presented this concept, “Self-Monitoring of Expressive Behavior,” in 1974. This study created a self-monitoring scale to identify individual differences in the level of self-monitoring. Snyder’s results express that “the selfmonitoring individual is particularly sensitive to the expression and self-presentation of others in social situations and uses these cues as guidelines for monitoring and managing his own selfpresentation and expressive behavior” (Snyder, 1974, p.11). In contrast, the “non-self-monitoring person has little concern for the appropriateness of his presentation, pays less attention to the expression of others, and monitors and controls his presentation to a lesser extent. Since wearing makeup is in a way of controlling presentation, it seems that the type of monitor an individual is might affect their habits regarding makeup. In 1986, Mark Synder and Steve Gangestad performed a follow up self-monitoring study, “On the Nature of Self-Monitoring: Matters of Assessment, Matters of Validity,” which reported on the success of the previous study. This report stated, “Elaboration of the [self-monitoring] construct has let to its application in yet other domains of social behavior and interpersonal relationships. Some of the domains in which the Self-Monitoring Scale has proven its relevance and applicability are recent and ongoing explorations of the nature of friendships, romantic relationships, and sexual involvements, as well as applications to the psychology of advertising, personnel selection and psychopathology” (Gangestad & Synder, 1986, p. 1). These findings represent that the Self-Monitoring can be relevant to explaining behavior in different ways. However, at this time, no previous research has been done to compare users of THE BEAUTY INDUSTRY’S INFLUENCE ON WOMEN 11 cosmetics against what type of self-monitor the particular user is. The research done in this study will attempt to address this relationship further in the results section. In addition to measuring the relationship between self-monitoring and cosmetics, makeup’s relationship with self-esteem will also be addressed. We will attempt to measure whether or not manipulating appearance with makeup will correlate to higher or lower levels of self-esteem. The Texas Social Behavior Inventory (TSBI) scale, developed by Helmreich, Stapp, & Ervin, is intended “to be an objective measure of an individual’s feelings of self-worth or social competence (Helmreich, Stapp & Ervin, 1947, p. 131). The results from the TSBI could be useful in comparing women who use different levels of makeup. The research done in this study will address the relationship in the results section. A woman’s anxiety can come from hundreds of sources; beauty advertisements, peer pressure, innate feelings of insecurity, etc. It has been found that overall the beauty industry has a negative effect on a woman’s self-esteem, body image, and perception of beauty. By using upward comparisons, women are constantly comparing