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1843 - Ada Lovelace
1843 - Ada Lovelace
Ada Lovelace is considered the first programmer. The daughter of acclaimed poet Lord Byron and the "princess of parallelograms" Anna Isabelle Milbank (Aiello, p.59). In 1843, Ada created an "algorithm for the computation of Bernoulli numbers, and for it she is credited to be the first computer programmer" (Aiello, p.60). Unfortunately she died in 1852, long before the first computer.
1945 - Konrad Zuse
1945 - Konrad Zuse
"Plankalkül" can be translated as "Plan Calculus." It was one of the original programming languages. Konrad Zuse created Plankalkül as the "notational and conceptual system for writing what today is termed a program" (Bauer & Wössner, p.678). Plankalkül is a "highly developed programming language with structured objects that are built from [0s and Ls]" (Bauer & Wössner, p.685).
Evolution
Evolution
Since Lovelace and Zuse, there have been hundreds of coding languages and it has expanded and grown as technology has evolved. Review the list below to learn more.
Beginning
Beginning
1951 – Regional Assembly Language
1952 – Autocode
1954 – IPL (forerunner to LISP)
1955 – FLOW-MATIC (led to COBOL)
1957 – FORTRAN (first compiler)
1957 – COMTRAN (precursor to COBOL)
1958 – LISP
1958 – ALGOL 58
1959 – FACT (forerunner to COBOL)
1959 – COBOL
1959 – RPG
1960 - ALGOL 60
1962 – APL
1962 – Simula
1962 – SNOBOL
1963 – CPL (forerunner to C)
1964 – Speakeasy
1964 – BASIC
1964 – PL/I
1966 – JOSS
1966 – MUMPS
1967 – BCPL (forerunner to C)
1967 - Logo (an educational language that later influenced SmallTalk and Scratch).
C
C
1980 – C++ (as C with classes, renamed in 1983)
1983 – Ada
1984 – Common Lisp
1984 – MATLAB
1984 – dBase III, dBase III Plus (Clipper and FoxPro as FoxBASE)
1985 – Eiffel
1986 – Objective-C
1986 – LabVIEW (Visual Programming Language)
1986 – Erlang
1987 – Perl
1988 – Tcl
1988 – Wolfram Language (as part of Mathematica, only got a separate name in June 2013)
1989 – FL (Backus)
Internet Age
Internet Age
1990 – Haskell
1990 – Python
1991 – Visual Basic
1993 – Lua
1993 – R
1994 – CLOS (part of ANSI Common Lisp)
1995 – Ruby
1995 – Ada 95
1995 – Java
1995 – Delphi (Object Pascal)
1995 – JavaScript
1995 – PHP
1997 – Rebol
Current Trends
Current Trends
References
References
Aiello, L. C. (2016). The multifaceted impact of Ada Lovelace in the digital age. Artificial Intelligence, 235, 58-62.
Bauer, F. L., & Wössner, H. (1972). The “Plankalkül” of Konrad Zuse: a forerunner of today's programming languages. Communications of the ACM, 15(7), 678-685.
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