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1. Development of solar light responsive nanocomposites and their characterization
1. Development of solar light responsive nanocomposites and their characterization
Our research group focuses on the synthesis of photoactive TiO2 and non-TiO2 (carbon nitride, bismuth, binary and ternary chalcogenides, ferrites, etc.,) semiconductor nanomaterials with different morphologies (nanotube, nanotube array, nanosheet, microsphere, quantum dots, etc., and their composites using various methodologies. We also focus on bandgap tuning, surface area, and electronic properties improvement in nanomaterials by coupling various other nanomaterials and high surface area adsorbents. We also focus to study the structural, morphological, and electronic properties of developed nanocomposites using various physicochemical characterization methods like XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, Raman, FT-IR, Surface area, photoluminescence, photocurrent, and Impedance analysis.
ZnIn2S4 microflower
g-C3N4/TiO2 nanotube
Bi2WO6 sphere
Bi2WO6 sphere
Ti-MOF
ZnIn2S4/BiVO4 nanocomposites
g-C3N4/ZnIn2S4/BiVO4 nanocomposite
g-C3N4 nanosheet
BiOBr microsphere
TiO2 nanoparticle
BiVO4 nanorod
g-C3N4 nanosheets
Bi2WO6
Multiwall carbon nanotube/TiO2 nanotube composite
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube
TiO2 nanotube
TiO2 nanotube array
TiO2 nanotube array
2. Fabrication of Photoreactors
2. Fabrication of Photoreactors
Immersion well slurry photoreactor
We aim to develop a photoactive active surface by coating nanocomposites on various surfaces like glass plates, quartz tubes, spiral tubes, membranes, etc. In addition, our research group develops photoactive catalytic surfaces by electrochemical methods. Followed by, we are focusing on the fabrication of the slurry and immobilized photoreactors using developed nanocomposite materials and surfaces, and evaluating their efficiency by the degradation of water and air pollutants and also renewable energy production.
Photocatalytic Membrane reactor
Solar light based immobilized reactors
TiO2 coated spiral tube-based solar reactor
TiO2 coated quartz tube-based solar reactor
UV-LED irradiation source-based slurry and immobilized reactors
TiO2 nanotube array and UV-LED based immobilized reactor
TiO2 nanoparticle and UV-LED slurry based reactor
UV-LED irradiation source-based immobilized reactors
TiO2 coated quartz tube and UV-LED based reactor
TiO2 coated quartz tube and UV-LED based reactor
3. Value addition of waste materials
An increasing population and consumption rates generate a huge quantity of solid wastes like Lignocellulosic Wastes (e.g. rice husk, coconut shell, fruit shell, palm tree waste etc.) and other industrial wastes, etc. However, these materials are potential resources for the development of various value-added materials.
Our research group aims to recover the value-added materials (e.g. Silica, activated carbon, biochar, carbon quantum dots, graphene-like materials, and nutrients (N, P) recovery) from these waste materials and develop composite materials with above-mentioned nanomaterials.
Activated Carbon
Activated Carbon
4. Sensing and Adsorption of water and air pollutants
We aim to study the application/use of waste-derived based materials (e.g. Silica, activated carbon/biochar, carbon quantum dots, graphene-like materials, etc.) and their composites with nanomaterials for the sensing of heavy metal ions (e.g. Chromium) and adsorptive removal of water (e.g. dyes, pharmaceuticals and other organics) and air pollutants (e.g. volatile organic compounds) in batch and continuous studies.
5. Treatment/degradation of environmental pollutants
Urbanization and industrialization are most important for development and economic growth, however, it significantly enhances the environmental problems specifically water and air pollution that bring severe threats to human being and society.
We aim to characterize and quantify the water and air quality parameters. Subsequently, the developed nanocomposite materials and reactors will be used for the treatment/degradation of water (e.g. phenols, nitrobenzene, dyes) and air (e.g. volatile organics compounds-benzene, toluene, xylene) pollutants in the presence of artificial/natural solar light irradiation.
In addition, we aim to integrate the treatment technologies (adsorption, ozonation, photocatalysis, sonication, electrocatalytic and anaerobic digestion etc.,) for improved degradation of water and air pollutants.
We also focus on the application of developed nanomaterials and composites for CO2 utilization by the reduction of CO2 into solar fuels such as formic acid (HCOOH), formaldehyde (HCHO), methanol (CH3OH), and methane (CH4).
6. H2 production from water splitting
Hydrogen (H2) has the highest energy density of all chemical fuels (142 MJ/kg). It is a zero-carbon emission fuel and is considered the most promising energy carrier for the future. We aim to develop novel visible light responsive nanocomposites (e.g. g-C3N4, bismuth chalcogenides, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOFs derived oxides, carbon-based composites, etc.,) and waste-derived materials for the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen at ambient temperature and pressure, through photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photo-electrocatalysis routes and without the addition of any sacrificial agents.
7. Bioenergy production
Fossil fuel-based energy system emits significant quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2) and greenhouse gas (GHGs) triggering environmental pollution, environmental deterioration, climate change, and global warming. Biodiesel (FAME) is a renewable liquid biofuel explored as an alternative non-fossil fuel-based energy system that mitigates CO2 and other GHGs emissions. Biodiesel can be produced from waste cooking oil, animal oil/fat, vegetable oil, etc., by transesterification reaction. For example, tannery fleshing waste is the major solid waste (50-60% of told solid waste generated) in leather industries and is rich in fat content which could be a potential feedstock for biodiesel production.
We aim to develop novel catalytic systems, especially from waste-derived materials for the transesterification of oil/fat recovered from fleshing waste, waste cooking oil, and vegetable oil into FAME.
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