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Explanatory Models:
Explanatory Models:
Geocentric
It serves to explain our daily observations from a perspective anchored to the Earth's surface.
Plane and sunset (border between day and night) move over the earth's surface.
Sunset is the line that separates day (left side, illuminated) from night (right side, dark).
It is moving west at about 720 km/h (at the latitude of Iceland)
The plane, to see a permanent sunset, must move with it at the same speed.
The spacetime diagram shows mountains (Iceland) at rest (vertical line in spacetime) and an airplane moving westward (line inclined to the left).
Heliocentric
It is necessary to accommodate scientific evidence of the Earth's rotation.
The Earth rotates beneath the plane and the sunset, which remain motionless with the Sun.
The Earth rotates in space.
The continents are advancing to the right, entering the dark zone (night).
The line that separates day from night is a motionless circle.
The plane remains at rest on this circle.
The spacetime diagram shows a plane at rest (vertical line in spacetime) and mountains (Iceland) moving towards the East (line inclined to the right).
Mixed Model
The plane moves and the Earth moves.
And they move with the same speed. If not, it could not be seen (the permanent sunset)
The diagram shows a mountain (Stockholm) moving east (right-slanted line) and an airplane moving west (left-slanted line).
The mixed (alternative) model tries to reconcile two commonly accepted notions that are contradictory if they are included in the same explanatory scheme:
-The plane moves, because we see it passing through the sky and also because its engines do not stop working, otherwise it would fall into the sea.
-The Earth moves, because it was something they taught us in school.
The description and analysis of this didactic intervention constitutes the Tutored Research Work (TIT) presented by Xabier Prado in 2006 under the direction of Dr. José Manuel Domínguez Castiñeiras.
The complete work can be read at:
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