SCIENCE - PART I
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01. Chemical Reactions and Equations
01. Chemical Reactions and Equations
A chemical reaction is described by a chemical equation, an expression that gives the identities and quantities of the substances involved in a reaction. A chemical equation shows the starting compound(s)—the reactants—on the left and the final compound(s)—the products—on the right, separated by an arrow.
02. Acids, Bases and Salts
02. Acids, Bases and Salts
An acid is defined as a substance whose water solution tastes sour, turns blue litmus red and neutralizes bases. A substance is called base if its aqueous solution tastes bitter, turns red litmus blue or neutralizes acids. Salt is a neutral substance whose aqueous solution does not affect litmus.
05. Life Processes
05. Life Processes
The basic processes of life include organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movements, and reproduction. In humans, who represent the most complex form of life, there are additional requirements such as growth, differentiation, respiration, digestion, and excretion. All of these processes are interrelated.
06. Control and Coordination
06. Control and Coordination
Control is the power of restraining and regulation by which something can be started, slowed down or stopped. Co-ordination is the working together of various agents of the body of an organism in a proper manner to produce an appropriate reaction to a stimulus is called coordination.
11. Electricity
11. Electricity
Electricity is a type of energy that consists of the movement of electrons between two points when there is a potential difference between them, making it possible to generate what is known as an electric current.
12. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
12. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Magnetic effect of electric current is one of the major effects of electric current in use, without the applications of which we cannot have motors in the existing world. A current carrying conductor creates a magnetic field around it, which can be comprehended by using magnetic lines of force or magnetic field lines.
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