Reasons for the Spilt in the Congress Party

1. Indira vs Syndicates

- Real challenges faced by Indira Gandhi came from within her party.

- The syndicates played an important role in the installation of the Congress Party.

-Bold Strategies adopted by Indira Gandhi are as follows

- She converted a simple power struggle into an ideological struggle.

- She launched a series of initiatives to give government policy a Left Orientation.

- She got the Congress Working Committee to adopt ten point Programme.

- This programme included social control of banks , nationalization of General Insurance, Ceiling on Urban Property and Income , Public Distribution of Food Grains , Land Reforms and provisions of house sites to the rural poor.

Presidential Elections

- The factional rivalry between the Syndicates and Indira Gandhi came in the open in 1969.

- Following the death of President Zakir Hussein's death the post of President of India fell vacant that year.

- Despite Mrs. Gandhi's reservations the syndicates managed to nominate her long time opponent and then speaker of the Lok Sabha, N. Sanjeeva Reddy, as the official Congress candidate for the ensuring Presidential elections .

- Indira Gandhi retaliated by encouraging the then Vice president, V. V Giri , to file his nomination as an independent candidate .

- The party President S. Nijalingapppa issued a " whip " asking all the Congress MP and MLA to vote in favour of Sanjeeva Ready , the official candidate of the party.

- Indira Gandhi and her supporters held a special meeting of the AICC and after silently supporting V.V. Giri , the Prime Minister openly called for a " conscience vote" which meant that the MP and MLA from the Congress should be free to vote the way they want.

- The elections ultimately lead to the victory of V. V. Giri as the President of India.

- It also lead to the formal spilt of the Congress Party.

Question

1. Explain the split of the Congress Party in detail .