1580 BC | a plague broke out in Boeotia. [Paus.9.5.1]

1580 BC | the Ectenes of Boeotia migrated to Attica, Thessaly, and Egypt. [Paus.9.5.1, Strabo.9.2.18]

** Some Ectenes remained in Boeotia. They later fought and were defeated by Cadmus. [Nonnus.5.35]

** The Boeotians were called Ectenes. [Suda.epsilon.647]

1580 BC | Cecrops' father migrated to the Nile Delta in Egypt and founded Sais. [Estimated from Diod.1.28.4 and Tzetzes.5.650]

** Cecrops came from Sais to Athens. [TzeAdLyco.111, Tzetzes.5.650]

** Ogygus was the ancestor of the Athenians. [Euseb.Chron.181]

** The 4th-century BC historian Callisthenes of Olynthus and the 3rd-century BC historian Phanodemus of Athens state that the Athenians were the ancestors of the Sais. [FGrH.Nr325.F7]

1576 BC | Messapus, son of Argus, married Calchinia, daughter of Leucippus, the eighth king of Sicyon. [Estimated from Euseb.Chron.175]

1562 BC | Herse, daughter of Cecrops, was married to Phoenicia of Tyre on her way from Egypt to Athens. [Estimated from Apo.3.14.3 and MarceReg.30]

1562 BC | Cecrops landed at Mirinous on the east coast of Attica from Egypt. [Paus.1.31.5]

** Cecrops was Egyptian. [FGrH.Nr328.F93, JeromeChro.1550, Suda.ka.1272, Suda.pi.2506]

1562 BC | Colaenus migrated from Mirinous to the west side of the entrance to the Gulf of Messenia and founded Colonides. [Paus.1.31.5, Paus.4.34.8]

1561 BC | Cecrops married Agraulus, daughter of Actaeus, the next king of Porphyrion in Athmoneis, northeast of Athens. [Apo.3.14.2, Paus.1.14.7]

1561 BC | Cecrops founded Cecropia (later Athens). [Apo.3.14.2, Euseb.181, Paus.1.2.6, Paus.1.5.3, Paus.1.14.7, Pliny.7.194]

** Cecrops' epithet "Diphyes" refers to a person who speaks two languages. [FGrH.328.F93, JeromeChro.1550]

** A body compounded of man and serpent [Apo.3.14.1, Diod.1.28.7]

** While men shared women and children only knew their mothers, Cecrops established the concept of husband and wife when he became king. [Suda.ka.1272, Tzetzes.5.650, TzeAdLyco.111]

** The 7th-century chronicler John of Antioch writes that while people had previously mated like animals and had only one parent (mother), Cecrops established the concept of husband and wife, creating two parents (father and mother). [TzeAdLyco.111]

** People living near Lake Tritonis, where Athena was born, shared wives. [Herod.4.180]

** Lake Tritonis is thought to have been near Sais, where Cecrops lived.

** Athena was called Sais. [TzeAdLyco.111]

** Cecrops named his city Athens after the goddess Athena. [FGrH.Nr328.F93, Jerome.1550]

** Sais is thought to have been located on the coast. [Diod.1.66.8]

** Cecrops emigrated to Attica after a catastrophe. [Tzetzes.5.650]

1561 BC | the Mystery Priest Trochilus fled Argos to Eleusis after fighting with Agenor, son of Triopas. [Paus.1.14.2]

** Trochilus was the son of Callithyia. [SchoAratus.Pheno.161]

1560 BC | the inhabitants of Argos underwent a mass migration. [Antiq.1.17, Diod.5.60.4, Diod.5.81.2, Paus.2.16.1, Paus.8.1.6, Photios.186.19]

** 1601 BC | Argus, son of Agenor, son of Ecbasus, son of Argus, son of Niobe, founded Argion. [PsPlut.NRM.18]

** This migration is thought to have been the result of a battle between the descendants of Criasus, son of Argus, and the descendants of Ecbasus, son of Argus, who had allied with Sicyon.

1560 BC | Iasus, son of Triopas, emigrated to Egypt with his daughter Io. [Paus.2.16.1]

** Io was a priestess at the temple of Hera in Argos. [Apo.2.1.3, Palaepha.42]

** Io was called Isis in Egypt. [Suda.iota.636]

** The name of Io's father. Inachus [AelianAnim.11.10, AescProm.i, Hyginus.155, Parthe.1], Iasus [JeromeChro.1529, Paus.2.16.1]

1560 BC | Xanthus, son of Triopas, colonized Lycia from Argos and then the uninhabited Lesbos. [Diod.5.81.2]

1560 BC | Cyrnus of Argos founded Cyrnus at Cherronesus in Caria. [Diod.5.60.4]

1560 BC | Larisa, daughter of Pelasgus, son of Triopas, emigrated from Argos to Thessaly. [Antiq.1.17]

1560 BC | Pelasgus, son of Agenor, son of Triopas, emigrated to the foot of Mount Lycaeus (now Mt. Lykaion, 1,421 m above sea level) in Arcadia. [Paus.8.1.6]

1560 BC | Crotopus, son of Agenor, son of Triopas, emigrated to the foot of Mount Geraneia in Megara and founded Tripodiskion. [Photios.186.19]

1540 BC | Deucalion founded Pyrrha (later Melitaea) near the source of the Enipeus River in Thessaly. [Paus.9.5.1, Paus.9.33.5, Suda.epsilon.647, Strabo.9.2.18, Strabo.9.5.6]

** Deucalion became king during the reign of Cecrops, king of Athens. [Parian.Marble.2]

1535 BC | Epaphus, son of Telegonus, migrated from Sais to the south of the Nile Delta and founded Memphis. [Apo.2.1.4, Cleme.Str.1.21, Herod.2.153]

1530 BC | Erysichthon, son of Cecrops, built the Temple of Apollo at Delos. [JeromeChro.1511]

1530 BC | Erysichthon, son of Cecrops, sent a wooden statue to the island of Delos. [Euseb.Pra.3.8]

1530 BC | Patara, son of Lycia, daughter of Xanthus, founded Patara near the mouth of the Xanthus River in Lycia. [FGrH.Nr1.F256, Strabo.14.3.6]

1530 BC | Atthis, daughter of Cranaus, was born. [Apo.3.14.5]

** Athena was born near Lake Tritonis. [Herod.4.180]

** Cranaus' daughter Atthis grew up near the Triton River. [Herod.4.180, Paus.1.14.6, Paus.9.33.7]

** Cranaus' daughter Atthis was also known as Athena. [Apo.3.14.6, Tzetzes.1.170]

** Attica was named after Cranaus' daughter Atthis. [JeromeChro.1506, Just.2.6, Strabo.9.1.18]

1525 BC | Erysichthon, son of Cecrops, died during a voyage from Delos and was buried in Prasiae. [Paus.1.2.6, Paus.1.31.2]

1525 BC | Lycaon, son of Pelasgus, founded Lycosura near Mount Lycaeus. [Paus.8.2.1]

1520 BC | Sicelus, son of Italus, migrated to the central part of the Italian peninsula. [Euseb.Chron.281]

1520 BC | Ausonus, son of Italus, migrated south of the Acheron River and founded Tempsa. [Strabo.6.1.5]

1520 BC | Morges, son of Italus, migrated to the southwestern part of the Italian peninsula. [Strabo.6.1.6]

1515 BC | Cranaus emigrated from Egypt to Attica. [Estimated from Diod.1.29.1]

** Since the inhabitants of Athens were Pelasgians, also known as Cranaans, Cranaus is presumed to be the son of Io. [Herod.8.44, Ps-Scym.550]

** Cranaus likely lived near the Triton River in Boeotia, where his ancestor Ogygus once lived. [Strabo.9.2.18]

** Cecrops (at Cranaus' command) founded Athens and Eleusis on the Triton River. [Strabo.9.2.18]

** Homer (Il.4.8) uses Alalcomenae as a nickname for Athena, suggesting that the village existed near the Triton River at that time.

** Atthis's son, Erichthonius, came to Athens from Egypt, so it is likely that Atthis also returned to Egypt.

1515 BC | Hellen, son of Deucalion, founded Hellas across the Enipeus River. [Strabo.9.5.6]

1511 BC | Flood during the Reign of Deucalion

** During the reign of Cecrops. [Euseb.Chron.183]

** During the reign of Cranaus. [Apo.3.14.5, Newton.143]

** A major earthquake dammed the Peneius River in Thessaly near its mouth, causing a major flood. [Apo.3.14.5, Euseb.183]

** Following the disaster in Hellas, Hellen migrated to Melitaea. [Strabo.9.5.6]

1511 BC | Deucalion, along with Hellen and Amphictyon, took refuge in Athens. [Newton.143]

** Deucalion's tomb was in Athens. [Newton.143, Paus.1.18.8, Strabo.9.4.2]

1511 BC | Cecrops died, and Cranaus became king of Athens. [Paus.1.2.6]

** It is believed that Cranaus sided with Deucalion and usurped the throne from Cecrops.

1511 BC | Cranaus exiled his daughter Atthis and her husband to Egypt. [This is inferred from the fact that after Cranaus' death, the son of Cranaus' daughter, rather than his son Rharus, succeeded him as king of Athens.]

** Atthis's husband was likely the son of Erysichthon, son of Cecrops.

1510 BC | Amphictyon, son of Deucalion, married Cranaus' daughter. [Paus.1.2.6, Euseb.Chron.183]

1510 BC | Erichthonius, son of Atthis, was born. [Apo.3.14.6]

1510 BC | Lycaon, son of Pelasgus, held the Lycaean Games. [Paus.8.2.1]

** The Lycaean Games are likely the oldest Greek games.

1502 BC | Cranaus was exiled to Amphictyon and died in Lamptrae (between Athens and Cape Sunium). [Apo.3.14.6, Euseb.183, Paus.1.31.3]

Create:2023.10.31, Update:2025.11.3