The attribution of animal figures to Bo’ness can be challenging - with the greatest potential for confusion arising between those of Bo’ness and Staffordshire production.
Bo’ness figures do not carry a maker’s stamp, and although some Staffordshire figures bear impressed or printed manufacturers’ marks, the majority likewise are unmarked.
Certain Bo'ness-made figures do display a British Patent Office registration number. Where present, this identifies the maker (invariably Bridgeness Pottery Ltd) and the year of registration.
Guidance and clues come from sources such as specialist websites, social media groups, and discussion forums where collectors share images and observations.
Occasional references to Bo’ness animal figures appear in reference books and in contemporary publications accessible through online archives.
Taken together, these sources can be informative, though their scope and reliability vary.
Further insights come from figures that appear for sale.
Online marketplaces such as eBay, along with auction catalogues, provide a continual stream of images. When identical or closely similar figures recur, these can help to build a picture of Bo’ness pottery production.
However, some online sellers, particularly on platforms such as eBay, may lack specialist knowledge and rely on web searches which often return earlier listings. This can unintentionally perpetuate and reinforce previous misattributions.
Complicating matters further, in some instances identical or at least remarkably similar moulds appear to have been used by both Staffordshire and Bo’ness potteries over extended periods.
Where modelling alone is insufficient to confirm origin, differences in glaze, colouring, decorative treatment or the form of a base may offer useful clues.
Inevitably, attribution must on occasion rest upon informed judgement rather than absolute certainty and sometimes no firm conclusion can be reached.
Of the figures listed below, it can be said of some that they are clearly not Bo’ness-made, but for others there's insufficient evidence to make a confident attribution.
Images of authentic Bo’ness-made pieces are included for comparison.
There's no uncertainty about the origin of these two characters. They are reproduction glass-eyed ceramic Bo’ness-style cats commissioned by Falkirk Council, probably around 1990.
That commission was intended to celebrate the historical importance of the products of Bo'ness potteries to Scotland's industrial heritage.
The base of these figures is marked “EMPRESS Staffordshire England”.
They are to be found in two sizes, 27cm and 33cm in height.
They were sold with an attached card and blurb explaining that they are reproductions of a rare original piece held in Kinneil Museum, Bo'ness.
In the image below reproduction figures can be directly compared with the genuine articles.
The authentic figures and the larger of the reproductions share similar proportions, measuring approximately 32-33cm in height.
Of course a glance at the base removes any doubt - the originals are unmarked while the reproductions are stamped "EMPRESS".
The modern versions are slip-cast, and while their colouring may be a passable match to the originals, there are differences.
Closer inspection of the Bo'ness-made figures reveals a visually grainier aerographed finish, especially in gradients. The early aerographs were mechanically crude by modern standards.
By contrast, the reproductions exhibit a more uniform application, lacking the variability of the authentic pieces.
The glass eyes of the modern figures are slightly larger and more vivid in colour, resulting in a heightened comic expression.
The antique cats may perhaps be considered the kitsch figures of their era, but these reproductions have somehow contrived to out-kitsch them!
You'll find that the commemorative reproductions can be purchased at modest prices, whereas genuine Bo'ness glass-eyed cats, such as those below, are significantly more expensive to acquire.
Ceramic Pekingese figures were manufactured in both Bo'ness and Staffordshire potteries.
The Bo'ness-made dogs were typically produced in three distinct parts - two body halves and a separate base. As a result, the joint where the body sections meet often remains visible as a seam running along the top of the figure.
The Bo'ness Pekingese may have either painted or glass eyes. The 1909 British Patent Office registration number 542671 is sometimes present on the base.
They are typically 18cm in height and 18-20cm in length.
Some of the Pekingese figures you'll come across, often those sporting a blue base, are slip-moulded.
The manufacturer of this distinctive pair, with blue base and black-outlined bow, was Lancaster and Sons Ltd, of Hanley, Staffordshire.
Here's a series of images of figures for which attribution is acknowledged to be uncertain. It's probable that they are Staffordshire-made, but perhaps our website visitors would like to share their views on these?
This final chap is an import - of that there is no doubt!
The maker's mark establishes that it was "Made in China" at some time between 1906 and 1945.
As previously mentioned, the widespread replication of successful designs was common practice throughout the British pottery industry.
For many decades, both Staffordshire and Bo'ness potteries manufactured popular, affordable figures for the mass market.
The commercial success of a particular design could result in several potteries producing very similar figures.
These grey horses are often attributed to Bo'ness. The colour, and the manner of its application, are typical of Bo'ness-made animal figures.
It is also reasonable to attribute this light tan pair to Bo'ness.
However, you'll find that figures of this design are regularly described, online and at auction, as of Bo'ness or Staffordshire manufacture - so uncertainty remains.
The height of these figures varies from 16-20cm, and the length from around 11-17cm.
The presence of the mark “Made in England” on the base of this pair leaves no doubt that they were Staffordshire-made.
And the next pair, randomly splattered with grey paint, is certainly not typical of Bo’ness production.
The figure shown above, in light grey and with sharp, well-defined modelling, is yet a further variation.
It was one of a pair sold at auction in a mixed lot that included Bo’ness pieces, although these particular figures were not specifically identified as Bo’ness ceramics at the time of the sale.
As for this next pair, with blue bases, it can be said with certainty that they are not of Bo'ness origin.
The final figure is made in a distinctive Art Deco style.
It is marked "Made in England". The mark "The HP Co" refers to the Harvey Pottery Company of Staffordshire.
That factory operated from 1900 to 1925.
It's evident that care must be taken in the attribution of the aforementioned figures, and it can be challenging to reach a firm conclusion.
This pair of airsprayed horse riding figures appears for sale from time to time and features in collectors’ discussion groups. They have been variously described as Staffordshire and Bo’ness, or simply of Scottish origin. It is for that reason that they have been listed on this page.
At first glance the figures above bear some likeness, in style at least, to the well known Buffalo Bill and Annie Oakley models made in Bo'ness. However, closer scrutiny shows that those similarities are largely superficial.
The Wild West pair, produced by the Bridgeness Pottery Ltd of Bo'ness, was undoubtedly inspired by Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show which visited Scotland in 1891-92 and again in 1904.
There's no evidence that any equestrian figures were manufactured by Bo'ness potteries other than versions of the Wild West duo.
The Bill and Annie figures measure around 30cm in height. By contrast, the equestrian pair discussed here stands at only 16cm, with a lighter and more delicate construction. When placed side by side, there are also noticeable differences in glaze, colour, and application.
Here's another variation.
They are paint-splattered in a style not normally encountered on Bo’ness figures.
This style has been described as spatterware, a term most often applied to early 19th-century earthenware characterised by a speckled or mottled decoration. However, the existence of aerographed versions of this very same pair makes an early 19th-century production period unlikely.
The conclusion is that while the precise attribution of these horse-riders remains uncertain, Bo’ness origin can be ruled out.
This website is currently under development.
Thanks for your patience while we sort out and update the images and other content below.