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Microorganisms are utilized in industry because they are small and multiply quickly. Bacteria and fungi are utilized to produce a wide range of useful goods. Among them are:
Human insulin is produced by the bacteria Escherichia coli.
Penicillin is produced by the fungus Penicillium sp.
Fusarium sp. is used to manufacture mycoprotein.
A big container known as an industrial fermenter can be used to manufacture such valuable products on a massive scale.
The manufacture of insulin on a big scale
To ensure that no undesired bacteria are present, a fermenter is sterilised using UV radiation, steam, or high temperatures and pressure. In the fermenter, nutrients, and desirable microorganisms are added. To prevent microorganisms from settling to the bottom of the fermenter, the contents are constantly stirred. Aerobic respiration by microorganisms generates heat, which is then released by the cooling water (water jacket) that surrounds the fermenter. Furthermore, carbon dioxide created during the process will be released via the exhaust pipe.
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