Carried out by Justyna Gatkowskaa, Marek Wieczorekb, Bozena Dziadeka, Katarzyna Dzitkoa, and Henryka Dlugonska. The scientists wanted to determine if Toxoplasma gondii affected different genders (male and female) differently using mice.

Female and male mice of ages 10-12 weeks were used, with no isolation so that their reproductive cycles could be in sync. The T.gondii was later introduced to the mice to create an experimental toxoplasmosis.

They found that in the male mice the serotonin levels increased, however the dopamine and noradrenaline decreased. While in females, the dopamine, noradrenaline, AND serotonin levels increased.

It was determined that Toxoplasma gondii affects males and females differently.

There was increased noradrenergic system activity in some parts of the brain in males and decreased activity in females, meaning less neurotransmitters were firing in the females. Acute invasion led to increased serotonin and dopamine levels in men.