Scientific name: Aeromonas hydrophila
Common name: N/A
Rod-shaped
Primary Literature Article: "Behavior of an Aeromonas hydrophila aroA Live Vaccine in Water Microcosms" (Vivas, J. et al., 2004)
Background
Gram-negative bacteria, making them very resistant against antibiotics (Harikrishnan, R., & Balasundaram, C., 2007).
Reproduces through binary fission.
Found mainly in aquatic environments.
Is pathogenic to both humans and fish.
Aeromonas hydrophila invades and infects fish that heavily experience stress within their environment, making them a secondary invader (Harikrishnan, R., & Balasundaram, C., 2007).
In aquatic environments, ulcerous dermatitis found in fish acts as a biomarker of a polluted or stressful environment (Harikrishnan, R., & Balasundaram, C., 2007).
Organisms infected with it tend to experience necrotizing fasciitis (flesh eating disease), gastroenteritis (infection of the intestines), and septicemia/sepsis (Semwal, A., Kumar, A., Kumar, N., 2023).
Taxonomy
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria/Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Aeromonadales
Family: Aeromonadaceae
Genus: Aeromonas
Species: Aeromonas hydrophila
The experiment was done to understand the behavior of Aeromonas hydrophila while in aquatic environments and why it has protective effects for some fish compared to others.
Thirty rainbow trout were placed in tanks, each differing in conditions (nonautoclaved non-filtered, non-sterilized, and autoclaved filtered water). Each tank was introduced to either AG2 or the aroA strain of Aeromonas hydrophila. The bacteria was given time to grow. Cells were taken from the trout and stained to detect the bacteria that had entered and see if they were curable (Vivas, J., et al, 2004).
In the nonsterilized environments, more forms of bacteria grew/were present. In the sterilized water, only the AG2 strain showed any growth while the curability of aroA had declined/became more resistant. In the non-sterilized water, the aroA strain grew initially, but later disappeared (Vivas, J. et al, 2004). These results are shown graphed in Figure 2.
The findings show that when trying to combat strains of Aeromonas hydrophila, the aroA strain is more able to be cured than the AG2 strand in wild habitats (Vivas, J. et al, 2004).
Conclusion
From the experiment, it was found that strains of Aeromonas hydrophila are able to rapidly grow and can affect the survival rates of fish in natural environments (Vivas, J. et al, 2004).
The information gathered is also beneficial in understanding the kind of environments it thrives or does not thrive in.
This finding is beneficial to understanding how to prevent/cure Aeromonas hydrophila when it enters an aquatic environment, especially for fish farms which hold fish in smaller environments.
References
Harikrishnan, R., & Balasundaram, C. 2007. “Modern Trends in Aeromonas hydrophila Disease Management with Fish.” Taylor & Francis Online.
Popoff, M., Veron, M. 1976. “A Taxonomic Study of the Aeromonas hydrophila-Aeromonas punctata Group.” Microbiology Society.
Semwal, A., Kumar, A., Kumar, N. 2023. "A review on pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and their mitigation through medicinal herbs in aquaculture." National Center for Biotechnology Information.
Vivas, J., et al. 2004. "Behavior of an Aeromonas hydrophila aroA Live Vaccine in Water Microcosms." American Society for Microbiology.
2021. "Aeromonas." Microbe Wiki.
COVER IMAGE: "Aeromonas hydrophila." Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_hydrophila