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· Currently, experimental control is hard to achieve when pursuing ecological validity in educational studies. Janssen et al. (2021) suggest that adopting a three-stage cyclical model for future research is the best. The three stages include fully controlled lab-based research, semi-naturalistic, and fully real-world studies.
· Currently, most research using MoBI concerns relatively general topics (for example: brain activity when interacting with moving objects; how attention changes according to the changing environment). In the future, more educational-specific experiments will be conducted using MoBI. “Applications to MoBI data are a promising endeavour for future research” (Jungnickel et al., 2019, p.61).
· Currently, most educational studies use traditional in-lab approaches, which cannot be directly generalized to real-world situations (Janssen et al., 2021). Delaux et al. (2021) indicate that methods related to the MoBI approach are still quite new. In the future, more educational experiments in naturalistic environments will be conducted with the aid of MoBI, allowing direct observation through student behaviours.
· According to Janssen et al. (2021), “online learning environments can provide a framework for more naturalistic educational stimuli, while retaining more control relative to real classrooms” (p.8). With the rapid development of mobile technologies, more educational experiments will be done using MoBI due to the generalization of online courses. Hopefully, the alarmingly high dropout rate of online learning can be solved soon.
· Currently, most MoBI studies are basic research focusing on formulating theories or advancing knowledge. In the future, more applied research (aiming to solve specific problems) will be conducted using MoBI. For example, how to increase students’ attention during online learning.
· Currently, the ideal naturalistic designs are missing for maximizing the potential of MoBI. Therefore, designing the perfect naturalistic paradigms that allow researchers to take full advantage of this mobile technology will be a key task in the coming years (Janssen et al., 2021).
· The most widely used MoBI, mobile EEG, uses electrodes positioned on the human scalp to capture electrical signals. Grasso-Cladera et al. (2022) predict that the future development of electrode technologies will allow the production of more easeful-to-wear and even unobtrusive sensors, enabling researchers to collect MoBI data during participants’ daily activities.
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