The main contribution of this work is a novel lane transition guidance method that governs quadrotor longitudinal and lateral motion using the bearing information of the neighboring vehicles in the destination lane. The proposed method comprises three guidance phases: a discerning guidance phase for determining velocity of the neighboring vehicle, a longitudinal guidance phase for identifying an appropriate gap in the destination lane, and a transit guidance phase for maneuvering to the desired gap. The vehicle is shown to asymptotically attain desired speed during the discerning guidance phase and the preferred bearing orientation for identifying gaps in the subsequent longitudinal guidance phase. A purely lateral maneuver in the last phase guides the vehicle to the desired location in the destination lane. Analytical results are obtained for the time duration of the three guidance phases. Simulation studies highlight the performance of the proposed lane transition method as implemented on a six-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) quadrotor model with dynamic limits on attitude angles and uncertainty in sensor information.
Midhun, E. K., and Ashwini Ratnoo. "Local Information-Based Guidance for Lane Transition in Air Corridors." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 47.3 (2024): 564-572.
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This work defines the intersection volume created in a multilane architecture and the related terminologies. We consider the problem of intersection planning and lane changing in the context of geofenced lanes proposed in the previously published CORRIDRONE architecture. We propose an algorithm for an intersection planner that uses lane changing to negotiate the intersection safely and can be utilized for traffic management. Path planning through the intersection is segregated based on continuous/disjoint lanes, which are further subdivided into lanes with equal and unequal altitudes for the disjoint case. Paths through an intersection combine the preflight and in-flight procedures in the spatiotemporal regime and are a function of the lanes.
S R Nagrare, A. Ratnoo, and D Ghose “Intersection Planning for Multilane Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Traffic Management”, AIAA Journal of Aerospace and Information Systems, vol. 21, No. 3, 2023, pp. 216-233.
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This work presents three important elements that are vital to designing optimal and efficient mobility systems in the air, namely, practical considerations for lane geometry design, different compliance levels of the drones and their effect on the lane geometry and geo-fencing, and the concept of adaptive geo-fencing that operates in real-time to provide additional safety to drones flying in close proximity. Though they are vital to formalization and standardization of drone mobility systems, these elements, their development, and their interplay have not received significant attention in the existing architectures.
Tony, Lima Agnel, Ashwini Ratnoo, and Debasish Ghose. "Lane geometry, compliance levels, and adaptive geo-fencing in corridrone architecture for urban mobility." 2021 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS). IEEE, 2021.
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This work develops a cooperative guidance algorithm that determines the desired speed and heading of all the UAVs in the corridor such that the target UAV insertion into the loiter lane is collision-free. Apart from the guidance algorithm development, the minimum distance at which the loiter lane should be placed from the main lane is also determined based on the operating speed range of the fixed-wing UAVs.
K. Siddhardha and A. Ratnoo:“Cooperative Loiter Lane Diversion Guidance Planning for Fixed-Wing UAV Corridors,” AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, National Harbour, Maryland, USA, Jan 23-27, 2023, AIAA-Paper 2023-2164.
(Link to the paper)