Research Insight

In-house developed bone grinding experimental setup.

Burr loading (a) bone chips adhered over lateral and end face of the spherical burr (b) micrographs of surface topography of tool (c) Agglomeration of bone chips (d) Energy dispersive spectroscopy of diamond too after grinding.

Digital and SEM images of end face of all the four burrs at two different stages of samples before sonication: unused and used by CG.

Histograms for standard order 1 (rotational speed = 35,000 rpm, feed rate = 20 mm/min, frequency = 20 kHz) (a) and (b) conventional bone grinding; (c) and (d) rotary ultrasonic bone grinding.

Real ground bone specimen: Inset (a) raw bone specimen. (b) actual bone sample after grinding. (c) region considered for simulation. (d) cut-view showing vertical, horizontal, and intersection in grinding region.

Spatial and temporal distribution of temperature on the bone at different grinding positions.

Fused filament fabrication setup along with different inset patterns: Rectilinear, Triangular, Honeycomb.

Fabricated scaffold specimens with different types of patterns.

(a) Schematic representation of cross-sectional view of fixture showing media flow direction around the ring-shaped cylindrical workpiece (b) direction of media on side surface. (c) media flow direction on outer/inner surface. (d) abrasive media flows out from the fixture.