Neutral adjudicator(s) who conduct the proceedings and pass the award.

• Ensure fair and impartial hearings (Sec 18).

• Decide on procedural matters (e.g., timelines, hearings).

• Grant interim measures (Sec 17).

• Allow or dismiss evidence submissions.

• Examine witnesses and arguments.

• Render a reasoned arbitral award (Sec 31).

• Maintain confidentiality and independence.

• Disclose any conflict of interest (Sec 12).

Initiates the arbitration by alleging breach or non-performance.

• File Notice of Arbitration and Statement of Claim (Sec 23).

• Appoint arbitrator (if ad hoc).

• Provide evidence and witness details.

• Appear at hearings or through counsel.

• Comply with procedural orders and fee payments.

• May apply for interim relief under:

  • Section 9 (court)

  • Section 17 (tribunal)

• Enforce award via Section 36 if successful.

Responds to and defends against the claim.

• File Statement of Defence (and counterclaim, if any).

• Nominate arbitrator (in multi-arbitrator panels).

• Submit documents and rebuttal evidence.

• Appear and participate actively in hearings.

• May seek interim measures under Sec 9/17.

• Comply with tribunal directions and pay cost share.

Represent the parties professionally in arbitration.

• Prepare claims/defenses, file procedural applications.

• Advise on legal strategies and evidence.

• Represent the client during hearings.

• File interim relief applications (e.g., Sec 9 or Sec 17).

• Handle enforcement or challenge of award (Sec 34 or 36)

Administrative body overseeing procedural aspects of the case.

• Appoint arbitrators (if parties fail to do so).

• Set timelines and procedural schedule.

• Handle fee deposits and cost management.

• Ensure compliance with institutional rules (e.g., expedited timelines).

• Support enforcement or challenge documentation (as needed).

Supports arbitration process where court intervention is necessary.

• Grant interim relief under Sec 9.

• Appoint arbitrators (Sec 11, if parties fail).

• Enforce interim orders (Sec 17(2)).

• Handle challenges to award (Sec 34).

• Enforce final awards (Sec 36, as a decree of court).