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pharmacologically active ingredient (nicotine or methamphetamine) in the aerosol. 3. Metal composition of both nichrome and Kanthal wires decreases significantly after 1 burn and progressively deteriorates as the number of burns increases. This effect is independent of wire type, gauge, and configuration. Aim 3 Characterize the liquid refill products for electronic cigarettes, to include nicotine and adulterant pharmaceuticals. 4. Given that the e-cigarette industry is un-regulated, it should not be unexpected to find nicotine or glycol concentrations different than the labeled concentrations on e-cigarette liquid formulations. 5. Poor QA/QC in facilities producing e-liquid products result in products that have significantly less or significantly more than what is indicated on the bottle. 6. Some e-liquids are not labeled as to the pharmacologically active component, nor are they advertised by the vendor. Indicators that a product contains a DOTN is that it is 2-10 times more expensive than a nicotine-based e-liquid. 7. Ethanol was a major component in most e-liquids and was only labeled in one product. 13 This resource was prepared by the author(s) using Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. 14 Future Studies 1. It is imperative to evaluate how vaping alcohol impacts field sobriety tests and BAC. 2. It is important to continue to monitor how the technology for e cigs continues to evolve. In the 2.5 years of this study, the types of e cigarettes have grown significantly in order to vape dry herb, waxes, dabs, oils, and other types of tinctures. 3. Eutectic mixtures should be explored to assess improving the aerosolization of high molecule weight molecules, such as opioids, particularly since user blogs indicate recommendations for cutting these drugs with caffeine before putting into e liquids. Dissemination/Products/Accomplishments This research group has aggressively presented and published its finding. Twenty scientific presentations have been made (Table 2). Two traditional workshops and two webinars were conducted. Six peer reviewed manuscripts have been published, and three more are in preparation and on track for submission by June. Findings from this study were also disseminated in China, but NIJ provided no funding for this travel. Presentations Workshops and Webinars Peace MR. “Characterization and Abuse of Electronic Cigarettes: The Efficacy of Personal Vaporizers as an Illicit Drug Delivery System.” Forensic Technology Center of Excellence Live Webinar, August 2016. Peace MR, Butler KE, Stone JW. “Characterization and Abuse of Electronic Cigarettes: The Efficacy of Personal Vaporizers as an Illicit Drug Delivery System.” NIJ Research Symposium, February 2016. “Vaping: What you don’t know about electronic cigarettes and why you should care” • Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, 2016, Chair: Michelle Peace, Co Chair: Justin Poklis • American Academy of Forensic Scientists, Las Vegas, NV, 2016, Chair: Michelle Peace, Co Chair: Justin Poklis Invited Talks, Media Engagements, Miscellaneous • Eastern Analytical Symposium. “New Marijuana Products” in a workshop titled “Marijuana: From Research and Use to Abuse”, Princeton, NJ, November 2017. • Peace MR, Poklis JL. “Chasing the E Cigarette Dragon: Overview of Research Findings”. DEA, July 2017 • Peace MR. “Current Trends in Drug Addiction and Trafficking in the United States” and “Electronic Cigarettes and the Threat to Criminal Justice and Public Heath” International Conference on Forensic Science, University of Public Safety, Beijing, China, and Northwest Law University, Xi’An, China, September 2016 (NOT FUNDED BY NIJ) • Peace MR. “Characterization and Abuse of Electronic Cigarettes: The Efficacy of Personal Vaporizers as an Illicit Drug Delivery System.” Tobacco Product Analysis Technology Summit, Research Triangle Park, Raleigh, NC, July 2016. • Interview with New Scientist Magazine published December 14, 2016 • Interview with National Public