Our Research on Perceptive Mobile Networks (PMNs)

Perceptive Mobile Networks

In this research, we are developing key technologies to enable radio/radar sensing in mobile networks, without sacrificing the performance of communications. The single transmitted signals will be jointly optimized and used by C&S.

PMN is expected to deliver a revolutionary ubiquitous radio sensing network that can significantly drive smart initiatives such as smart cities and smart transportation, integrated with enriched mobile communication. It will enable many new applications for which current sensing solutions are impractical or too costly.

Our overview papers:

J. Andrew Zhang, Kai Wu, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, Daqing Zhang, Robert Heath, “Integration of Radar Sensing into Communications with Asynchronous Transceivers”, IEEE Communications Magazine, 2022 [pdf]
J. Andrew Zhang, Md Lushanur Rahman, Kai Wu, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, Shanzhi Chen, Jinhong Yuan, “Enabling Joint Communication and Radar Sensing in Mobile Networks - A Survey”, IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2021, https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.07559
J. Andrew Zhang, Md Lushanur Rahman, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, Shanzhi Chen, and Robert W. Heath Jr, “Perceptive Mobile Network: A Cellular Network with Radio Vision via Joint Communication and Radar Sensing”, IEEE Vehicular Technologies Magazine, 2020.

Sensing Parameter Estimation

Sensing in PMNs includes both explicit estimation of sensing parameters for locating objects and estimating their moving speeds, and application oriented pattern recognition such as object and behaviour recognition and classification.

Md. Lushanur Rahman, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo and Robert W. Heath, “Framework for a Perceptive Mobile Network using Joint Communication and Radar Sensing”, IEEE Trans. On Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2019
Md Lushanur Rahman, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, Zhiping Lu, “On Joint Communication and Radar Sensing in 5G Mobile Network by Compressive Sensing”, IET Communications, 2021.
Kai Wu, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, “OTFS-Based Joint Communication and Sensing for Future Industrial IoT”, IEEE Journal of Internet of Things, 2021
Kai Wu, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, “Integrating Low-Complexity and Flexible Sensing into Communication Systems”, IEEE J. Selected Areas of Communications, 2022
Yang Sun, J. Andrew Zhang, Kai Wu, Ren Ping Liu, “Frequency-Domain Sensing in Time-Varying Channels”, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2022
Xu Chen, Zhiyong Feng, Zhiqing Wei, Yuan Xin, Ping Zhang, J. Andrew Zhang, and Heng Yang, “Multiple Signal Classification Based Joint Communication and Sensing System”, IEEE Trans. On Wireless Communications, 2023
Xu Chen, Zhiyong Feng, Zhiqing Wei, J. Andrew Zhang, Yuan Xin, and Ping Zhang, “Concurrent Downlink and Uplink Joint Communication and Sensing for 6G Networks”, IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technologies, 2023

Sensing with Asynchronous Tx-Rx

Clock asynchronism is a central problem in integrating radar sensing into communication networks in a bi-static setup. It can cause ranging ambiguity and prevent coherent processing of dis-continuous measurements. Should it be resolved, sensing can be efficiently realized in communication networks, requiring little network and hardware changes.

Zhitong Ni, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Kai Yang and Jinhong Yuan, “Uplink Sensing in Perceptive Mobile Networks with Asynchronous Transceivers”, IEEE Trans. On Signal Processing, 2021.
Zhongqin Wang, J. Andrew Zhang, Ming Xu, and Y. Jay Guo, “Single-Target Real-Time Passive WiFi Tracking”, IEEE Trans. On Mobile Computing, 2021
Xinyu Li, J. Andrew Zhang, Kai Wu, Yuanhao Cui, Xiaojun Jing, “CSI-Ratio-based Doppler Frequency Estimation in Integrated Sensing and Communications”, IEEE Sensors Journal, 2022
J. Andrew Zhang, Kai Wu, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, Daqing Zhang, Robert Heath, “Integration of Radar Sensing into Communications with Asynchronous Transceivers”, IEEE Communications Magazine, 2022
Zhitong Ni, J. Andrew Zhang, Kai Wu, Ren Ping Liu, "Uplink Sensing Using CSI Ratio in Perceptive Mobile Networks", IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, 2023, https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.03250
Xu Chen, Zhiyong Feng, J. Andrew Zhang, Xin Yuan, Ping Zhang, “Kalman Filter-based Sensing in Communication Systems with Clock Asynchronism”, IEEE Trans. On Communications, accepted for publication, Sept 2023
Jingbo Zhao, Zhaoming Lu, J. Andrew Zhang, Shixu Dong and Shuang Zhou, “Multiple-Target Doppler Frequency Estimation in ISAC with Clock Asynchronism”, IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technologies, accepted for publication July 2023
K Wu, J Pegoraro, F Meneghello, JA Zhang, JO Lacruz, J Widmer, et.al., "Sensing in Bi-Static ISAC Systems with Clock Asynchronism: A Signal Processing Perspective", IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, accepted in June 2024 https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.09048
Jingbo Zhao, Zhaoming Lu, J. Andrew Zhang, Weicai Li, Yifeng Xiong, Zijun Han, Xiangming Wen, and Tao Gu,, “Performance Bounds for Passive Sensing in Asynchronous ISAC Systems”, IEEE Trans. On Wireless Communications, accepted, July 2024
Y Hu, K Wu, JA Zhang, W Deng, YJ Guo, "Performance Bounds and Optimization for CSI-Ratio based Bi-static Doppler Sensing in ISAC Systems", arXiv preprint https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.09064
Y Hu, JA Zhang, W Deng, YJ Guo, "Anchor-points Assisted Uplink Sensing in Perceptive Mobile Networks", arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.09119 [pdf]

Joint Waveform Optimization

Joint waveform optimization is a key research problem as the single transmitted signal is used for both functions but the two functions have different requirements for the signal waveform.

Zhiqing Wei, Jinghui Piao, Xin Yuan, Huici Wu, J. Andrew Zhang, Zhiyong Feng, Lin Wang, and Ping Zhang, “Waveform Design for MIMO-OFDM Integrated Sensing and Communication System: An Information Theoretical Approach”, IEEE Trans. On Communications, accepted for publication, Sept 2023
Zhitong Ni, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Kai Yang, and Theodoros Tsiftsis, “Multi-Metric Waveform Optimization for Multiple-Input Single-Output Joint Communication and Radar Sensing”, IEEE Trans. On Communications, 2021
Xin Yuan, Zhiyong Feng, J. Andrew Zhang, Wei Ni, Renping Liu, Zhiqing Wei, Changqiao Xu, “Spatial-Temporal Power Optimization for MIMO Joint Communication and Radio Sensing Systems with Training Overhead”, IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technologies, 2020.
Yuyue Luo, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Wei Ni, Jin Pan, “Multibeam Optimization for Joint Communication and Radio Sensing Using Analog Antenna Arrays”, in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2020.
Yuyue Luo, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Wei Ni, and Jin Pan, “Optimization and Quantization of Multibeam Beamforming Vector for Joint Communication and Radio Sensing”, IEEE Trans. On Communications, 2019
J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, Jinhong Yuan and Robert W. Heath Jr., “Multibeam for Joint Communication and Sensing Using Steerable Analog Antenna Arrays”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019

Clutter Suppression

Rich multipath in mobile networks creates another challenge for sensing parameter estimation in PMNs. Clutter suppression can be done either before or after sensing parameter estimation, with respective advantages and disadvantages.

Md. Lushanur Rahman, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo and Robert W. Heath, “Framework for a Perceptive Mobile Network using Joint Communication and Radar Sensing”, IEEE Trans. On Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2019
Md. Lushanur Raham, J. Andrew Zhang, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo, Zhiping Lu, “Gaussian-Mixture-Model Based Clutter Suppression in Perceptive Mobile Networks”, IEEE Communications Letters, 2020.

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