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We have provided sufficient details on constructing BSL-3 facilities in transport containers. Under emergency conditions, the test could be performed with sturdy and effective BSL2 biosafety hood. However, in case of a laboratory with large patient load and large number of technicians, we suggest to quickly and frugally construct BSL3 facility in containers.
We have provided sufficient details on constructing BSL-3 facilities in transport containers. Under emergency conditions, the test could be performed with sturdy and effective BSL2 biosafety hood. However, in case of a laboratory with large patient load and large number of technicians, we suggest to quickly and frugally construct BSL3 facility in containers.
Introduction
Introduction
After the great catastrophe of Bhopal Tragedy, Government of India had introduced and enacted The Environmental Protection Act 1989. The act designates and categorizes bacteria and viruses into different classifications based on its Risk potential.
The environmental Protection act classifies “CORONA VIRUS: in category of VIRAL RICKETTSIAL AND CHALMYDIA RISK-II. Similarly, in order to deal with such viruses capable of causing pandemic, the Department of Biotechnology has issued guidelines to deal with such organisms.
COVID 19 pandemic has created an urgency to develop and create quickly safe laboratory environment to collect samples for testing across our country.
In order to help and cater to the need of testing maximum number of people across the country we require to set up a BSL-3 Class Laboratory facility which can be erected in just 3 to 7 days and can be transported to any part of India. Keeping in mind that Laboratory associated infections (LAI) have caused diseases and fatal outcome to laboratory workers due to absence or failure of any one of the four basic controls (Engineering, Personal Protective Equipment, Standard Operating Procedure and Administrative Controls) of biosafety. There is a need to develop an action plan and SOP for commissioning and establishing the Lab.
Action plan for establishing a BSL-3 category lab on site:
Action plan for establishing a BSL-3 category lab on site:
India having its vast extent and with very high density of population, requires collection and testing centers scattered in different parts of the country. Such collection centers should be designed in a way that can be erected across the nation and can be transported from one place to another in short duration. Major considerations while erecting such labs are as follows:
Establishment of Basic Objectives.
Selection of Construction material (This depends on the timeline of establishing the Lab and also according to the area)
Equipment Finalization.
Pre-Design (which generally will consider Feasibility and Cost of the project related to the Govt/Private Funding)
Detailed Design. (It will also include both options of having a mobile unit and units stationed in urban & Rural Areas). Selection of construction technology.
Preparation of Scope of work for the contractors along with Project management guidelines.
Standard Operating Procedures.
Training and selection of the Laboratory staff.
Selection of the Contractors based on options of detailed design and feasibility. (During Emergency conditions when the procurement procedure will take time, Pre-selected agencies who voluntarily decide to develop such facility based on their past experience should be identified and awarded the work, with a specific timeline. These agencies can be asked to develop a TURNKEY Facility with investment. Cost of developing facility during pandemic can be approved by the special committee of GOVT of India (Emergency unit) within some hours.
Construction design and technology for BSL-3 Laboratory.
Construction design and technology for BSL-3 Laboratory.
Option for establishing such LABs highly depends on the timeline and requirement. During peace time such LABs can be erected with an extended timeline, however same does not go during emergency situations.
We have developed this option specifically keeping in mind COVID -19 scenario in India, its limitations of time and material. In order to erect the Lab in just 3 to 7 days with equipment, testing and commissioning, the best option is to construct the LABs in a container.
Based on the requirement, this can have increased environmental protection using HEPA filtration of exhaust air, effluent decontamination or chemical kill tank, personnel shower in the changing area, etc. inner and outer change rooms for showers, if provided, allow easy entry and exit protocols for the laboratory personnel.
Labs can be designed using 2 containers. Figure-1
Labs can be designed using 2 containers. Figure-1
The RAW Material of such containers can be obtained by Govt PSU, CONCOR (Container Corporation of India.) and can be provided to contractors and agencies to develop. Generally, an Empty 20 feet container varies from Rs. 80000/- in India to 1.6 Lakh depending upon the size and steel.
Floor plan.
Floor plan.
The area can be increased based on the units being used in different parts of the country. A mobile unit can be mounted on a train and can be transported to any part of the country especially rural areas. It may be noted that penetration of Railway in India is more and can be utilized.
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