Alba, D. (2020). Misinformation About George Floyd Protest Surges on Social Media. The New York Times.

AMWG. (1987). Soviet Influence Activities: A Report on Active Measures and Propaganda. US Department of State, 38–48. Uploaded from https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/reports/1987/soviet-influence-activities-1987.pdf

Bittmann, L. (1985). The KGB and Soviet Disinformation: An Insider’s View. Washington, D.C.: Pergamon-Brassey’s.

Boghart, T. (2009). Soviet Bloc Intelligence and Its AIDS Disinformation Campaign. Studies in Intelligence, 53(4). Uploaded from https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol53no4/pdf/U- Boghardt-AIDS-Made in the USA-17Dec.pdf

Clark, C., MacKinnon, M. (2017). Canadian website in NATO’s sights for spreading disinformation. The Globe and Mail. Uploaded from https://web.archive.org/web/20171117193837/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/canadian-website-in-natos-sights-for-spreading-disinformation/article37015521/

Covington, O. (2016). Elon professor’s research on ‘fake news’ ecosystem generating international attention. Uploaded from https://www.elon.edu/u/news/2016/12/05/elon-professors-research-on-fake-news-ecosystem-generating-international-attention/

Donovan, J. (2020). Protest misinformation is riding on the success of pandemic hoaxes. MIT Technology Review.

Donovan, J., Friedberg, B. (2020). Source Hacking/ Media Manipulation in Practice. Data & Society’s Media Manipulation research. Uploaded from https://datasociety.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Source-Hacking_Hi-res.pdf

Faris, R., Roberts, H., Etling, B., Bourassa, N., Zuckerman, E., Benkler, Z. (2017). Partisanship, Propaganda, and Disinformation: Online Media and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society Research Paper.

Fischer, S. ( 2020). The coronavirus conspiracy news cycle. Axios.

GEC Special Report: Russia’s Pillars of Disinformation and Propaganda. (2020). Uploaded from United States Department of State: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Pillars-of-Russia’s-Disinformation-and-Propaganda-Ecosystem

Gross, T. E. ( 2018). Inside The Russian Disinformation Playbook: Exploit Tension, Sow Chaos. Uploaded from National Public Radio: https://www.npr.org/2018/11/15/668209008/inside-the-russian-disinformation-playbook-exploit-tension-sow-chaos

Gu, L., Kropotov, V., Yarochkin, F. (2020). The Fake News Machine: How Propagandists Abuse the Internet and Manipulate the Public. Uploaded from Trend Labs: https://documents.trendmicro.com/assets/white_papers/wp-fake-news-machine-how-propagandists-abuse-the-internet.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0smoZyvhn4XwvW3jphbMqDf8Nvyv2MYCF9dKbcS9VFm492D5pR9K8wuQs.

Islam, Md., Sarkar, T., Khan, S.H., Kamal, A.H.M., Hasan, S.M., Kabir, A, Yeasmin, D., Islam, M.A, Ibne., K., Chowdhury A., Anwar, K.S., Chughtai, A.A., Seale, H: (2020). COVID-19–Related Infodemic and Its Impact on Public Health: A Global Social Media Analysis. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Uploaded from http://www.ajtmh.org/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0812;jsessionid=eUXElPrFVEwEIlnHdEE85mLC.ip-10-241-1-122.

KGB, INFORMATION NR. 2742 [TO BULGARIAN STATE SECURITY]. Uploaded from Wilson Center Digital Archive: https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/208948

Kurfürst, J. (2017). Ruský svět a neuroasianismus. Czech Journal of International Relations, 52(3), pages 23–46. Uploaded from file:///C:/Users/allwa/Downloads/1382-Article%20Text-2798–1–10–20171101%20(3).pdf

The Computational Propaganda Project/Algorithms, Automation and Digital Politics (2020). Coronavirus Misinformation: Weekly Briefings. Uploaded from Oxford Internet Institute: https://comprop.oii.ox.ac.uk/research/coronavirus-weekly-briefings/

Rebello, C., Schwieter, Ch., Schliebs, M., Joynes-Burgess, M., Elswah, M., Bright, J., Howard, P. N. (2020). Covid-19 News and Information from State-Backed Outlets Targeting French, German and Spanish-speaking Social Media Users. COMPROP DATA MEMO, Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, UK.

Selvage, D. N. (2014). Die AIDS-Verschwörung. Das Ministerium für Staatssicherheit und die AIDS Desinformationskampagne des KGB (BF informiert, 33/2014), 33.

Selvage, D. N. (2019). Operation “Denver”: KGB and Stasi Disinformation regarding AIDS. Uploaded from Wilson Center Digital Archive: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/operation-denver-kgb-and-stasi-disinformation-regarding-aids.

The New York Times (Producent), Ellick, A. (Autor), & Westbrook, A. (Režisér). (2018). Operation Infektion — Russian Disinformation: From Cold War to Kanye [Film]. Uploaded from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/12/opinion/russia-meddling-disinformation-fake-news-elections.html.

Wakabayashi, D., Alba, D., Tr 2020). Bill Gates, at Odds With Trump on Virus, Becomes a Right-Wing Target. The New York Times. Uploaded from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/17/technology/bill-gates-virus-conspiracy-theories.html?searchResultPosition=1.

Ward, M., Pierson, S., Beyer, J. (2019). Formative Battles: Cold War Disinformation Campaigns and Mitigation Strategies. Uploaded from Wilson Center Digital Archive: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/publication/cold_war_disinformation_campaign.pdf.

[1] The Active Measures Working Group was established on the basis of a “shock experience” with the incredibly persistent and global action of Soviet disinformation against the US. It was founded by Ronald Reagan in 1991 as an interagency group that coordinated the fight against Soviet “Active Measures” between the CIA, FBI, Department of Defense, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, DIA, Department of Justice and United States Information Agency. Its first chairman was Dennis Kux. (Ward, 2019)

[2] Boghart, T. (2009). Soviet Bloc Intelligence and Its AIDS Disinformation Campaign. Studies in Intelligence, 53(4). Uploaded from https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol53no4/pdf/U- Boghardt-AIDS-Made in the USA-17Dec.pdf.

[3] (KGB, INFORMATION NR. 2742 [TO BULGARIAN STATE SECURITY]), (Selvage, Die AIDS-Verschwörung, 2014)

[4] Gross, T. E. (2018). Inside The Russian Disinformation Playbook: Exploit Tension, Sow Chaos. From National Public Radio: https://www.npr.org/2018/11/15/668209008/inside-the-russian-disinformation-playbook-exploit-tension-sow-chaos.

[5] Boghart. (2009).

[6] Even today it is found in the cultural narrative. Famous rapper Kanye West (considered a presidential candidate) uses this narrative in his lyrics. Gross. (2018)

[7]Boghart. (2009).

[8] The New York Times (Producent), Ellick, A. (Autor), & Westbrook, A. (Režisér). (2018). Operation Infektion — Russian Disinformation: From Cold War to Kanye [Film]. Uploaded from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/12/opinion/russia-meddling-disinformation-fake-news-elections.html.

[9]However, the Soviets couldn‘t prevent being quoted as a resource. (Gross, 2018)

[10] (Selvage, Operation “Denver”: KGB and Stasi Disinformation regarding AIDS, 2019)

[11] Kurfürst, J. (2017). Ruský svět a neuroasianismus. Czech Journal of International Relations, 52(3), pages 23–46.

[12] Rebello, C. & others(2020); Covid-19 News and Information from State-Backed Outlets Targeting French, German and Spanish-Speaking Social Media Users; COMPROP DATA MEMO, Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, UK.

[13] Covington, O. (2016). Elon professor’s research on ‘fake news’ ecosystem generating international attention. Uploaded from https://www.elon.edu/u/news/2016/12/05/elon-professors-research-on-fake-news-ecosystem-generating-international-attention/.

[14] Ward, M., Pierson, S., Beyer, J. (2019). Formative Battles: Cold War Disinformation Campaigns and Mitigation Strategies. From Wilson Center Digital Archive: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/publication/cold_war_disinformation_campaign.pdf.

[15] GEC Special Report: Russia’s Pillars of Disinformation and Propaganda. (2020). From United States Department of State: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Pillars-of-Russia’s-Disinformation-and-Propaganda-Ecosystem.

[16]Gu, L., Kropotov,V., Yarochkin, F. (2020). The Fake News Machine: How Propagandists Abuse the Internet and Manipulate the Public. From Trend Labs: https://documents.trendmicro.com/assets/white_papers/wp-fake-news-machine-how-propagandists-abuse-the-internet.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0smoZyvhn4XwvW3jphbMqDf8Nvyv2MYCF9dKbcS9VFm492D5pR9K8wuQs.

[17] GEC Special Report (2020)

[18]Clark, C., MacKinnon, M. (2017). Canadian website in NATO’s sights for spreading disinformation. The Globe and Mail. Uploaded from https://web.archive.org/web/20171117193837/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/canadian-website-in-natos-sights-for-spreading-disinformation/article37015521/.

[19]Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard Berkman- Klein Centre, University of Washington, East StratCom Task Force at EAAS, The Atlantic Council’s Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab), Zignal Labs.

[20] Wakabayashi, D., Alba, D., Tracy, M.(2020). Bill Gates, at Odds With Trump on Virus, Becomes a Right-Wing Target. The New York Times. Uploaded from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/17/technology/bill-gates-virus-conspiracy-theories.html?searchResultPosition=1.

[21]Fischer, S. (2020). The coronavirus conspiracy news cycle. Axios.

[22] Islam, M. S. & others (2020). COVID-19–Related Infodemic and Its Impact on Public Health: A Global Social Media Analysis. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Uploaded from http://www.ajtmh.org/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0812;jsessionid=eUXElPrFVEwEIlnHdEE85mLC.ip-10-241-1-122.

[23]Alba, D. (2020). Misinformation About George Floyd Protest Surges on Social Media. The New York Times.

[24]Faris, R. M. & others (2017). Partisanship, Propaganda, and Disinformation: Online Media and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society Research Paper.

[25] Donovan, J., Friedberg, B. (2020). Source Hacking/ Media Manipulation in Practice. Data & Society’s Media Manipulation research. Uploaded from https://datasociety.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Source-Hacking_Hi-res.pdf.

[26] Donovan, J. F. (2020). Protest misinformation is riding on the success of pandemic hoaxes. MIT Technology Review.

[27]The Computational Propaganda Project. (2020). Coronavirus Misinformation: Weekly Briefings. Uploaded from Oxford Internet Institute: https://comprop.oii.ox.ac.uk/research/coronavirus-weekly-briefings/.

[28] The New York Times (Producent), Ellick, A. (Autor), & Westbrook, A. (Režisér). (2018). Operation Infektion — Russian Disinformation: From Cold War to Kanye [Film]. Uploaded from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/12/opinion/russia-meddling-disinformation-fake-news-elections.html.

[29] AMWG. (1987). Soviet Influence Activities: A Report on Active Measures and Propaganda. US Department of State, 38–48. Uploaded from https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/reports/1987/soviet-influence-activities-1987.pdf.

[30] Wakabayashi. (2020).