Airdrie Skating Links

https://www.airdrie.ca/index.cfm?serviceID=1853

- Airdrie Indoor Public Skating – day & rink varies, check each week

Abbreviations:

GP - Genesis Place

GPRV - Genesis Place, RockyView rink

GPSH - Genesis Place, Shane Homes rink

RE - Ron Ebbesen

REGI - Ron Ebbesen Gold Ice

REBI - Ron Ebbesen Blue Ice

PA - Plainsmen

https://www.skycastleroller.ca/

- Balzac roller rink

https://www.airdrieskatingclub.com/ 

https://register.airdrieskatingclub.com/registration/calendar/

• calendar of programs

https://isu-skating.com/   - fan site

https://www.youtube.com/user/SkatingISU

https://www.youtube.com/@SkatingISU/videos

• shortcut to latest videos

CanSkate:

https://info.skatecanada.ca/index.php/en-ca/guides/329-canskate-guide-explore-2.html 

- several learning resources for

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvE0VdQZtzvflvdn42wFvFRFY5RUykN4Y 

- tutorial videos

https://www.skateoakville.ca/canskateresources/ 

https://www.skateoakville.ca/sites/files/Canskate%20Progress%20Report%20Template.pdf 

- CanSkate Progress Report (report card)

https://www.skateoakville.ca/sites/files/Canskate%20Elements%20and%20Descriptions.pdf 

- CanSkate Elements and Descriptions pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wo8rMT-o950&list=PLvE0VdQZtzvflvdn42wFvFRFY5RUykN4Y 

-CanSkate Tutorial Videos

Canskate vs Common Terminology

C-Step - Mohawk

Rotating Power Jump - Waltz Jump

Forward one foot turn - 3 turn

Forward power jump - bunny hop

One foot slalom - power pull

StarSkate:

https://info.skatecanada.ca/index.php/en-ca/rules-of-sport/65-guide-to-starskate.html

- StarSkate: elements and programs by level

https://www.youtube.com/@CoachJulia  Coach Julia

https://www.youtube.com/@nextedgetutorials Next Edge Tutorials (Stace)

https://www.youtube.com/@SparkleSkater Sparkle Skater (Jazmin)

https://www.youtube.com/@IceCoachOnline Ice Coach Online (Lloyd)

https://www.youtube.com/@cherylkeeganfaust9936 Cheryl Keegan Faust

https://www.youtube.com/@iskatecoach  iSkateCoach (Paul Crocker)

https://www.youtube.com/@CoachMarySkating Coach Mary Figure Skating

https://www.youtube.com/@IceSkatingLondon  Ice Skating London

https://www.youtube.com/@xxXThinIceXxx  Thin Ice

https://www.youtube.com/@ShellySkates  Shelly Skates

https://www.youtube.com/@CoachMichelleHong  Coach Michelle Hong

https://www.youtube.com/@styleskating35  Style Skating

https://www.youtube.com/@kseniyaOleg  Kseniya and Oleg Official Channel (Ice Dancers)

https://www.youtube.com/@journeybacktotheice  Journeybacktotheice (Ava)

https://www.youtube.com/@IceEdgeAcademy  Ice Edge Academy

https://www.youtube.com/@RorysRinkRats Rory’s Rink Rats 

https://www.youtube.com/@GaryBeacom-FigureSkater Gary Beacom

https://www.youtube.com/@Coachmotorin  Coachmotorin

F - forward

B - backward

O - outside edge

I - inside edge

L - left (foot/skate/leg)

R - right (foot/skate/leg)

when referring to an element, it's normally named by the _starting_ foot, direction and edge

3T  - 3 turn

PP - power pull

 FPP forward power pull or F1FS forward 1 foot slalom,

BPP backward power pull or B1FS backward 1 foot slalom

H - hypothesis

figure skating equipment

https://jerryskate.com/

https://www.amazon.ca/1Lifeonearth-Skate-Ankle-Pads-Cushion/dp/B0C9CBHVYV/ref=sr_1_5

- 1Lifeonearth ice skate ankle pads

- helps fill void around ankle and keep boots upright if skates are a bit big 

-- typical with beginner skates which are often not heat moldable or punchable and purchased in size large enough to avoid pressure points

https://www.amazon.ca/Ceaz-Figure-Skating-Spinner-Gymnastics/dp/B0D9HRNVKX/ref=sr_1_2 

- example spinner

https://www.amazon.ca/dp/B0GX5R2WJF 

- 4",6",8" step for axel floor jump practice

AI system for diagnosing figure skating elements:

- OOFSkate https://oofskate.com/  USD 25/mo, works on iPhone / iOS 

- there's a free trial

- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnjqJH4zQxU  promo video for OOFSkate

x untested by AirdrieSkatingLinks

x may not be ready for 'prime time' / may be in prototype or proof of concept stage: not much information, no video clips showing usage

https://sites.google.com/view/skatingmusic/home  Skating Music

https://ice-blog.riedellskates.com/off-season-figure-skating-training-tips/ 

- off-season training exercises for figure skaters

Pistol Squats (for 1 foot seated glide, sit spin)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9lfpiHQu70 

- Strength Side: How to do PISTOL SQUATS |Beginner's GUIDE to the most ICONIC SQUAT

https://youtube.com/watch?v=kJYAFeqWwws 

- caro.upsidedown: Can't Do a Pistol Squat? These 6 Tests Will Show You Why!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=vq5-vdgJc0I

- Squat University: How to Get Your First PISTOL SQUAT (Step-by-Step Progression)

Off-ice Jump Videos:

https://youtube.com/watch?v=PAlDEE5wyaY

- Coach Julia with Paolo: Off Ice Jump Exercises - For Better Power, Height and Rotation

https://youtube.com/watch?v=QtHML-exEgo

- Coach Michelle Hong: HOW TO DO THE AXEL || OFF-ICE TRAINING

https://youtube.com/watch?v=7EWIimntSR0 

- Next Edge: The Steps To Landing Your First Axel Off The Ice

https://www.amazon.ca/dp/B0GX5R2WJF 

- 4",6",8" step for axel floor jump practice

https://youtube.com/watch?v=4r_s71hDIys 

- iSkateCoach: Off Ice Axel Interval Training – muscle memory for ice skaters

https://youtube.com/watch?v=Puo_R-3za8k

- Skating 360: Rotation Practice for Figure Skaters

- covers progressive exercises for all the jumps including doubles, elastic band exercises

https://youtube.com/watch?v=XancfFZYCAg

- Shelly Skates: Off Ice Axel Exercises: Part 1

https://youtube.com/watch?v=GOCn98aeXqg

- Shelly Skates: Off Ice Axel Exercises: Part 2

https://youtube.com/shorts/7NOK1TEltEs

- iSkateCoach: Get the Axel feeling first off ice with this drill

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tLPT-P29dPM

- Coach Julia Three Simple Stretches for More Open Hips

1. butterfly

2. crossed knee, foot on opposite knee, knees pointing up

3. crossed knee, foot on opposite knee, knees pointing out

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzlVy8fW9xU

- Coach Julia (sister) Stretching sequence for Hip Flexibility

You Tube: How to use a figure skating spin plate

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nHZbA9St9Y

iSkateCoach “How to start on a figure skating spinner - Tips for one foot, upright, sit, camel and back spins!”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OHe0rpyKPEE

Coach Julia “Learn To Do an One Foot Spin - Using an Off-Ice Spinner!!”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJI4JZfQ0Os

Coach Julia “Learn To Do A Figure Skating Camel Spin - Using An Off-Ice Spinner!”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=heo-MIC4JL0

Coach Julia “Learn To Do a Figure Skating Attitude Spin - Using an Off-Ice Spinner!”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-lKmdFLGLA

Coach Julia “Learn to do a Figure Skating Backward Scratch Spin, on an Off-Ice Spinner!”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWuc4ao7ET8

- Ice Coach Online: Learn Figure Skating Twizzles the Easy Way! Off-Ice!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQakdxg8QjI

- Ice Coach Online: How to do a Backspin on a Spinner!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HH54g4FMSDI

- Ice Coach Online: Learn a Figure Skating Choctaw Off Ice!

Physics Principles of Spinning

https://pnmresources.s3.amazonaws.com/pID-677/topic-446689/CER%20ROS%20203%20PRINCIPLES%20OF%20SPINNING%20.pdf

1. fast & controlled

2. centered  - hook of the spin (3 turn), convert linear momentum into angular momentum

3. aesthetically pleasing

Physics of Spinning:

torque = force x radius, where force is perpendicular to radius

moment of inertia = sum of (mass x radius2)

angular acceleration = (torque) / (moment of inertia)

angular velocity = (angular acceleration) x time

angular momentum = (moment of inertia) x (angular velocity)

conservation of angular momentum:

(angular momentum arms out) = (angular momentum arms in)

(moment of inertia arms out) x (angular velocity arms out) = (moment of inertial arms in) x (angular velocity arms in)

(sum of (mass x radius-arms-out2))x(angular velocity arms out) = (sum of (mass x radius-arms-in2 ))x(angular velocity arms in)

- as the radius of arm parts decreases pulling arms in, the angular velocity increases to conserve angular momentum

https://www.engineeringguidance.com/momentum-equation-linear-and-angular-conservation 

Converting between linear and angular momentum, physics equations 

- skater starts gliding as a point particle 

- skater converts to rotating rigid body in spin 

- angular momentum preserved between two

-Point Particle - gliding into spin: L = r x m x v  

-- L= angular momentum in kg m^2/s

-- r radius of skater's initial circle on ice in meters

-- m mass of skater in kg

-Rigid Body - spinning on the spot: L = I x w

-- L = angular momentum

-- I - moment of inertia of human body (changes between T-pose and arms-in, arms-down about 1.25 kg m^2)

-- w - angular velocity around spin axis in radians (unitless) per second

example calculation of spin speed from initial velocity

-Point Particle L1 = r x m x v = 2m x 50kg x 2m/s = 500 kg m^2/s 

- Rigid Body L2 = I x w  or w =L2/I or w = L1/I = 500 kg m^2/s / (1.25 kg m^2) = 400 radians/s = 63 revolutions/sec

x number seems high, but that's the basic idea

centripetal force – inward, such as arm pulling in along radius

centrifugal force – outward, mass flying out along radius

precession - instantaneous spin axis traveling around a cone centered on gyroscopic axis

nutation - wobbling along the precession cone

Dizziness

- keep eyes horizontal, head up

- practice

- centering spin

Dizziness

https://ice-blog.riedellskates.com/how-to-not-get-dizzy-when-spinning/

- get used to it, practice on/off ice

- spot something when coming out of a spin, so brain can appropriately discount ear signals

- it’s when your spin accelerates / decelerates that you feel the dizziness – fluid in ear still moves while head stopped, or doesn’t move fast enough when accelerating

https://vsaworld.com/blog/how-figure-skaters-can-combat-dizziness-during-spins-tips-from-olympic-skaters/

- inner ear, vestibular system, fluid movement

- impairs balance 15% if untrained

- after stopping: fluid inertia > nystagmus – false sense of rotation

- untrained: 10-15 seconds of dizziness

- trained: adapted / suppress sensation

Tips to combat dizziness during spins:

1. progressive practice > tolerance

- repeated exposure to spinning

- trains brain to suppress false signals from vestibular system

- 12 weeks practice > reduces dizziness perception 20%

- 5 spins, rest, repeat (3x/week)

2. maintain uniform spin speed

- it’s the acceleration / deceleration

- avoid sudden stops

- 3 10min sessions/week

3. center spin on one spot

- off ice: 10 second spins, 5 reps, 2x weekly

4. rapid blinking to reorient after spin

- or rapid eye movement, improves balance recovery 10%

- 5 spins x 10 seconds followed by rapid blinking, 2 15min sessions/week

5. fixate on reference point post-spin

- spotting after spin / post-spin fixation/spotting for 3 to 5 seconds

x spotting during spin unsafe for skaters

- 10 spins, 3x/week

Recovery time while training: 30-60 seconds between spins

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_yo4DzwEjo

- Next Edge > the 3 levels of Balance every figure skater needs to master – fix wobbly edges & turns

- turns shoulders outside circle slightly on BO edges

- shows back cross-rolls

- advanced: change of edges on one foot, without putting a foot down

-- F single outside to inside edge change via a knee-lift pull (a bit like a cross roll)

-- B single inside-to-outside edge change, via a kick behind across trace line (arms turning outside across trace line)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxNdhpldt2w outside, inside

arms start facing out

FO - arm and leg swing same

FI – arm and leg swing OPPOSITE

 + backward edges https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQkMH_YFZDI

arm and leg swing same. At start:

BO - arm facing in

BI – arm facing out

- at end: other way.

(easy to remember arms: match legs)

(don’t slouch your pelvis to the free side)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZsfWfYxqzw

- Coach Julia How To Skate Backwards – the best basic backward skating tutorial

- wiggles (mini-slalom), lemons (skulls)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUwcc1x7tlk

- Coach Julia Figure Skating Backward for Beginners – 3 skating skills

- exercises:

-- i) A-frame teeter-totter between feet, push with inside center on each teeter, slight toe-in

-- ii) 2-foot slalom

-- iii) half-skull (CanSkate C-push)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L1TSFCZLTMk

- Coach Julia How to Ice Skate Backwards, Basic Backward Skating Lesson

- backward skulls, slightly on balls, knees bent

- half- skulls (CanSkate C-push)

- backward stroking: half-skull/C-push except with a toe-out/heel kick or lift forward at end of C-push/half-skull

-- H: you would catch a bit of inside edge on the kick to give a bit of propulsion

-- knees are straight at end of stroke / when kicking

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZ1W6rGNhh0

- IceSkating.London back 1 foot glide

1) arms out to side

2) build momentum

3) bring feet close and parallel

4) transfer weight to glide leg

5) (keep glide leg traveling straight)

6) gently raise free foot

7) extra: hold free foot sequentially in front of glide leg

Backward crossovers:

- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mhnUmSCTUY 

- Coach Julia How to do Backward Crossovers

-- i) half skull / pumps

-- ii) pump and lift inside (one-foot glide on inside)

-- iii) pump and lift outside foot (one foot glide on outside)

-- iv) pump and lift outside over (lift inside foot and move behind)

-- v) cutback – outside stays on ice (lift inside and move behind)

---– reach to inside with inside leg aka scoop

---- cutback with outside leg

---- her hips are about 45 degrees to radius line

- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4V4CPGoqPU 

- Coach Julia fixing your backward crossover issues

-- pump outside heel toward inside toe (a way to think about angling your hips in?) still on inside edge

-- bend knees, don’t lean forward, stay on middle of blade

- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3-iqj4E-i4 Back crossovers ice coach online

-- Lloyd about 25 to 65 (45?) degrees from radius line, he goes pigeon-toed on his inside foot

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ic732CSPn9g

- iSkateCoach Ultimate Backwards Crossovers Guide

- exercises:

-- barrier: slide (outside) across in front

-- pump and step over

-- slide across – first move front skate into ‘tight rope pose’ aligned with back and in front

-- hold cross feet to get comfy

-- step to inside leg on neutral edge (weight onto inside leg) when pushing with outside

-- 2-pushes

--– outside ¼ lemon/skull, pushing with inside edge on center of blade, can kick forward off ice

--- inside under-push on outside edge

-- arms i) beginner neutral ii) normal facing into circle iii) preparing for spin facing out

- problems: leaning forward (toe picks) > get shoulders over skates

-- step out > slow motion crossing

- professional: i) posture ii) knee bend iii) extension

-- exercises: i) backward lunge glides: deep knee on inside leg, straight on outside leg

--- ii) deep edge held under push

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uugr7OSG164

- watch for groin pulls, warm up, stretch on boards first, or better stretch off ice

- want to go low enough the blade doesn’t drag

- but drag for safety, and can put hands on knee

Tap Toe Jump (aka Side Toe Hop), Bunny Hop Jump

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2EY1zaODYo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkcAmGCkjtA  

- How to tell apart the jumps in figure skating

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2EY1zaODYo

- Tap Toe Jump

- Bunny Hop Jump

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lYbchTypBe0

- Ice Coach Online > Bunny Hop

https://youtube.com/watch?v=YNbdeq9IG6A

- iSkateCoach - How to Toe Loop with easy steps and progressions!

 https://www.wikihow.com/Do-a-Toe-Loop

- Toe Loop

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emXR9rVtISE

- THIN ICE - Toe Loop

https://youtube.com/watch?v=tyPGU28q5Zc

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Single Toeloop! - Tips For Beginners

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVP8r-ubbp8 

- coach Mary - Waltz Jump

https://youtube.com/watch?v=L-QREA0IdKk

- Next Edge Tutorials: How To Rotate Figure Skating Jumps Faster

subcategories of jumps:

waltz subcategory: waltz, salchow, toe loop, axel

loop subcategory: loop, flip, lutz

Salchow, Loop, Flip, Axel - see separate sections below

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wN1fI8fTrY

- Coach Julia How to do an outside spread eagle

x (H: some people's hips don’t open up like that)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njqJC85X8U0 FO 3 turn semi-pendulum free leg during check

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5tFYHHDkTc&t=5s  icecoach online

- FO 3 turn

- pelvis and free leg rotate with shoulders stable / chest facing center of circle

- open hips on check

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lw07ZD2STJw

- FI 3 turn (bigger swing of hip and free leg)

- hands copy feet, facing into circle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEFtAisknTY  icecoach online

- FI 3 turn

- your hips are opening up as you enter the turn

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gstfxAQXv_I B 3 turn

2-foot – back facing circle, twist to prepare for turn

BO – start looking in, switch to looking out over shoulder, free foot behind weight foot, twist, lift, check-out/exit/extend

https://youtube.com/shorts/S8mY_p9HiHc

- Ice Edge Academy: Hopefully this helps your back outside 3 turns

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUpi35Z-3Mw 3turn sequences

1) Consecutive same-foot inside 3 turns (RFI 3turn + BO pivot + heel) repeating sequence

2) Alternating foot outside 3 turns

--- (LFO3T + open turn onto other foot + RFO3T + open turn onto other foot .. )

3) Waltz 3turns – LFO 3 turn + shift weight to R free leg + L push and lift into check glide+ back V turn onto L ready for next LFO 3 turn …

-- she counts 3 for the 3 turn and 3 for the push

-- back V turn – my name, you change feet, outside edge to outside edge, landing L is at right angle to planted R so ready to push off

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLRCJ5YjKCs

- Ice Coach Online Lloyd Waltz Jump

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uY1bSSw0LbI

- Sparkle Skater 3-Turns

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xuvuz0iFlUg

-Next Edge: How To Take Control Of Your Turns | Figure Skating

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pf84NCH6u2E

- Next Edge > FI 3 turn

- not a straight line, you’re on a steep inside edge

1 rock from heel to ball on turn

2 both hips and shoulders, shoulder first

3 free leg after turn – pull/stretch free leg into exit pose (otherwise you’ll keep spinning)

inside edge – shoulders – hips – free leg stretch

2 foot slalom:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6pW8m7qJhA

- Coach Julia: Learn The Two Foot Slalom - Forward and Backward! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGDdoJ47ejE

- Ice Coach Online: backward 2 foot slalom

1 foot slalom aka power pulls:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDs4ha-KZ3o

- Coach Julia: How To Do Power Pulls in Ice Skates! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHqIGl3e0kQ

- Ice Coach Online: one foot slalom

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gf0xLMeaBoI

- Sparkle Skater:  How To Do Power Pulls! - Tips For Beginners! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz2d7pNQssY

- Cheryl Keegan Faust: 1 foot slalom exercises

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqcuSRf_WrQ 

- Coach Mary: Backward Power Pulls Figure Skating 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3una3Z_wHk 

- Coach Mary: Forward Power Pulls aka One Foot Slalom Tutorial 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqxfPznn2Hw

- Style Skating: Power Pull Drills for Figure Skaters: From Beginner to Advanced

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8w8zDbMolE

- Style Skating: Power Pulls Secrets for Figure Skaters: Stronger Edges & Balance

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qrD1zPD-YpM

- Ice Coach Online, back one-foot-glide with change of edge

FO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x41uHEafawo

BO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bw0Rwnb8HUI

forward, backward       (same edge, switch foot + direction)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJkc9ONmxVY  Forward Inside Mohawks

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQrhFfhOS7s Other Mohawk variants

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MrF6AxeN1w FI Mohawk Ice Coach Online

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gkkAccnFg2M

- Next Edge > Mohawk / C-step

- bend knees as you do the step, it allows the hips to open more, easier weight shift

- check shoulders

- exit pose

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBFsSLdhLI8 

- Shelly Skates > Forward inside open and closed mohawk

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g22TnfG8qOM 

- Coach Julia:  How To Do Forward Outside Choctaws (S-Step Tutorial) 

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVBhb2U-q7Y 

- Coach Julia:  How To Do Backward Outside Choctaws (S-Step Tutorial)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lfh_83YraE8

- Ice Coach Online: What are ALL the different Figure Skating Choctaws?

Choctaws

small step ~= toe to heel

closed = step behind skating foot

open = step to inside of skating foot

dir - direction of travel

edge - starting edge

# dir edge step   size  name

1 F  I    open   small Achillean

2 F  I    open   wide  Rhumba

3 F  I    closed small Blues

4 F  O    closed small Swing, Quickstep

5 B  O    closed small

6 B  O    closed wide  Rhumba

7 B  I    open   wide  ordinary S-step

(+3 theoretical awkward choctaws never used)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HH54g4FMSDI

- Ice Coach Online: Learn a Figure Skating Choctaw Off Ice!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jb_7BEgV0qg

- Style Skating: Mastering Choctaws for Beginners: Learn 3 Types + Essential Exercises for Figure Skaters!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jUpJNV4O1g

- Next Edge: How To Start Doing Choctaws (S-Steps) On The Ice | Figure Skating

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wEHC2_INjN4

- Gary Beacom: The 4 Laws of Choctaws for Figure Skaters 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TzLtwJ0XO4Q

- Coach Julia: learn to spin on skates

- 2-foot spin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyat2c-5MXw

- Coach Julia: How to do a one foot spin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oT4wvPTVrTQ

- Next Edge: Step-by-step guide to learning a one foot spin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPrQ4xs39z0

- Ice Coach Online Why you can’t centre your one foot spin!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NU_LjBU2sCU

- Sparkle Skater – one foot spin – 3 turn entry, with build up exercises

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uD4IVjZQ35Q

- iSkateCoach: how to do a one foot spin in figure skates – ice skating upright (3 minute video)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mT4LOtY77is

- iSkateCoach: How to Spin ice skating – 1 and 2 foot

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76NyCp29R20

- Journeybacktotheice: All of the Basic Spins You Will Learn in Figure Skating!

- upright, camel, sit

 Sit Spin:

https://youtube.com/watch?v=unHP8q4QjB8

- iSkateCoach: Master the sit spin with these tips and common errors

https://youtube.com/watch?v=hm6-vXfgdOQ

- Next Edge Tutorials: Figure Skating | The Secret To Building A Better Sit Spin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2UcxRurhb5E

- Next Edge Tutorials: Simple Sit Spin Guide for Figure Skaters

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qU8lrq1pbxo

- Style Skating: How to Learn the Sit Spin: Beginner Skaters Guide with Simple Exercise

Camel Spin:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPaynAfY9js

- Style Skating: Camel Spin for Beginner Skaters: Common Mistakes and How to Fix Them

https://youtube.com/watch?v=PCROWY0l3v8

- Coach Julia: Learn To Do The Camel Spin in Figure Skates!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=oi9FTUK6xyQ

- Next Edge: Transform Your Camel Spin in 3 Steps (Figure Skating Tips)

https://youtube.com/watch?v=9X1IOnX-LEQ

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Camel Spin! - Tips For Beginners

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ciwcjjgAEMw

- Michelle Robertson: Back spin lesson

- progressive exercises

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgWQcbffnQU

- Faust: back spin, back scratch spin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RNwUp7oxJkI

- Next Edge Tutorials, Back Spin Made Easy

Easy entry: (half-skull/lemon pump backward (analogous to forward spin easy entry))

1. pump-pivot, going back around right pivot pick, right foot pivot pick, one pump (half-skull) per cycle/circle

2. pump-pivot then pump-glide on RBO edge

3. same as 2, except tight circle, you can/should make a small circle on your right skate (spinning ccw)

4. same as 3, except bring arm and legs in slowly, crossing free trailing left leg over support leg

Advanced entry:

5. 3 turn entry into back spin – start on left inside edge, then right inside edge, patience, 3-turn

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ke5_FUoRli0

- Next Edge: Correct Your Back Spin Mistakes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZjTbmFRpEE 

-- THINICE backspin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psJGU-JIZWE  

- iSkateCoach: The ULTIMATE Back Spin tutorial

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hG8MNUX2pEs

- Ice Coach Online backward entry into spin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Q9dFeq1jYw

- Style Skating: How to Learn the Backward Scratch Spin: Beginner Skater Exercises

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEu8z0N-HxY

- Coach Julia: How to do a Backward Scratch Spin in Figure Skates

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Pt_Hp28RUE

- Journeybacktotheice: How to IMPROVE Your Backspin in 5 Easy Steps!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=e7wiNErQHZI&si=E6NviSHTgGicwRfe

- Journeybacktotheice: How to Do a Backspin in Figure Skating | Step-by-Step Tutorial (Lefty Included)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzPspuxIHp0

- helicopter-arm backward 360 jump on skates

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vq26ypExJ38

Coach Michelle Hong: SKATING JUMP ROTATION || OFF-ICE TRAINING

Quote from an adult skater enrolled in CanSkate program: 

"""

360 jump took me a year and about 1500 floor jumps(1) to master.  On ice I got full 360.

What didn't work: extending the 180 jump 

* I could do 3/4 circle reliably

x  but full circle on the floor only sporadically.

x and on ice: skates slewed / slipped around with high torso torque

What helped: 

* core strength traiing with windshield wipers and side wipers. (2)

* giant helicopter arms - (CCW jump) with legs straight, turning CW half circle, turning head with shoulders to get a few more degrees 

* medium torso torque - accelrating the rotational velocity gradually

* delayed hop - keep legs straight until about 1/4 to 1/3 circle CCW, then dip knees and jump 

* counter twist torso while in air

What it looked like in the end: 

* giant helicopter arms and little hop, like the video above with the kid.

(1) floor jumps - in worn/slippery runners on foam yoga mat, with slippery white garbage bag under the mat to absorb rotational impact on landing

(2) windshield wipers: laying on back with legs in air, rotate legs/hips/lower-body side to side, good for recentering a twisted torso

- side wipers: laying on side with hips and knees bent, lift knees off mat, good for twisting  torso off center

"""

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=udcmU7yvQlQ

(like 3-turn -same circle before and after, but face out on turn)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPqP2LQxwmg

- Coach Julia: How To Do Bracket Turns in Figure Skates

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwtlofaAUrQ 

- Coach Julia - Footwork Fun! - Forward Brackets & Backward Three Turns

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KUtoo3vH3Q

- Ice Coach Online: Learn a Figure Skating Bracket Off Ice at Home! 

https://youtube.com/watch?v=2sAD6j9YHvY

- Gary Beacom: BRACKET TURNS: 6 TECHNICAL TIPS

Counter starts like bracket, but switches circles

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxXoDwwzcLw 

-Coach Julia: What Is The Difference Between The Figure Skating Turns? 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MgHNtRr2O80 

– Coach Julia: Learn To Do Forward Counter Turns - In Figure Skates! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1akGqqEv-k 

-Style Skating: Perfect Your Counters: Essential Skating Exercises for Clean Turns 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QwkUZw4XLY0 

-Next Edge: Forward Inside Counter Exercises For Beginners | Figure Skating 

Rocker starts like 3 turn, stays on same edge and switches circle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy8uL8KuReA 

- Coach Julia: Learn Forward Outside Rocker Turns - On Ice! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4gMnvNNdN0 

-Coach Julia: Learn Forward Inside Rocker Turns - On Ice! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D16dJ8t3QNs 

- Style Skating: How to Learn Rocker Turns/Step-by-Step Tutorial for Skaters

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ubu8tCAI2PM 

-Next Edge: Figure Skating | Learn Forward Inside Rockers The Easy Way 

https://youtube.com/watch?v=39F-YQdu5Ww

- Next Edge: 5 Figure Skating Exercises to Improve Your Outside Rockers

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=imtEjpOSZzg 

-Next Edge: Improve Your Inside Rocker Turns With Exercises - Figure Skating 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8D7WJ04BGV0

- Style Skating: How to Control the Exit of a Forward Outside Rocker: Tips and Exercises for Figure Skaters

https://youtube.com/shorts/Kem2N8bGu2M

- IceEdgeAcademy: We cover a lot about rockers!

https://youtube.com/shorts/5F9hz9Ynd8U

- iSkateCoach: Rocker Turn Arms

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MCr_jF2avc

- Next Edge: deeper edges

1 knee bend (both inside and outside edges need it)

2 free leg – x not to side, * in front or behind and _crossed over_ for deeper outside edge

3 shoulders – open toward circle (forward) / away from circle (backward)

4 head – look where you are going – toward circle (forward) / away from circle (backward)

Back edges are same, use all 4 rules

- BO almost like you’re setting up for a BO pivot, with free leg behind and crossed over, arms to outside, looking back

Shoulder and Head Rule:

- forward edges both inside and outside edges: turn shoulders and head to inside of circle

- backward edges both inside and outside edges: turn shoulders and head way from circle

Free Leg Rule:

- FI free leg cross over behind or slightly to side or directly in front on FI

- FO ?? (video doesn’t show, H: torso-twist analogous to BI)

- BI, BO – free leg crosses over behind

-- BI: torso twist, hips closed, with leg straight crossed over behind,

--- or bent knee behind knee and skate crossed over

-- BO: foot directly behind or slightly crossed over, hips open

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNLDNteI3gc

- Style Skating: Master the Pivot in Figure Skating: Graceful Execution for Beginners

- all 4 pivots fore & back, inside & outside

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YfGIux5Kvmc FO pivot

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNi6YIfQC-I BO pivot

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2WdK6hwJaU

- Ice Coach Online

- practice on boards start facing in, and turn 360

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNi6YIfQC-I

- Coach Julia

- practice on boards facing out, and turn +- 180

Both:

- FI 3 turn entry

- hips open

- top/leading/toe part of pick (boot more vertical)

- (unspoken trick – if circle too big and dragging toe pick to slow down, lean vertical skate into drag, so toe pick isn’t digging, it’s dragging)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5orcOcsmXU

- Coach Julia, back inside

- BI LOOP

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F43dlpi3SsE

- Next Edge Stace, back inside

- BI LOOP

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pm19MV1s-wQ

- Style Skating, Backward Outside Loop Tutorial: 7 Exercises for Figure Skaters to Master Control, Balance & Timing.

- BO LOOP

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yGVWtreN1c

- Style Skating, Nail the Forward Outside Loop: Essential Exercises for Skaters

- FO LOOP

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j84oIkx31ss

- Style Skating, How to Learn Forward Inside Loop: Beginner Guide for Figure Skaters/LOOPS

- FI LOOP

- free leg starts behind, is even at top of loop, and goes ahead at end of loop

- arms face out at start, turn into circle in middle, and turn out at end

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqZC-VbLK7Q 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57e3vAkCxHk

- Next Edge Stace twizzles

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvqVaTh9IpM

- Coach Julia twizzles

- (1-foot turn back+ front+…, limbs tight, center rocker)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9jtXH-cnyeo

- Sparkle Skater twizzles

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWuc4ao7ET8

- Ice Coach Online: Learn Figure Skating Twizzles the Easy Way! Off-Ice! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTUBbJ73W8g

- Ice Coach Online – on-ice exercise for backward Twizzles, especially the entry

- shows edge / circle change using deep edges, for power between twizzles

- exercise: backward lunges with edge change (like a one-foot back slalom)

- body weight upright over hips and twizzle skate

- don’t wave your arms during twizzle – keep them close and steady during twizzle part

-- during entry and exit from/to edges can do the deep-edge arms facing out of circle

- change of edges – for one edge he has foot behind and over tracing, other edge in front and over tracing

-- outside edge free behind

-- inside edge free leg in front – this helps set up for a twizzle

-- arms facing out of tracing circle for both inside and outside edge

-- knee deep bent – he calls them lunges, and explains it will burn and build muscle

- when doing practice back lunges w/o twizzles he keeps the free leg behind

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2FB6T15IY_U

- Faust Backward Outside Twizzle

- scissoring arms explained

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zWpEOuHeGT0

- Style Skating: Figure Skating Twizzles: Improve Your Skills for Pre-Silver (Intermediate) Skating Skills Test

See a mysterious move/element and wonder what it's called?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zUUwG1VkmY

https://www.ice-dance.com/site/reference/definitions/

- ice dance element descriptions

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1NWAckmDx_g1JC2KUf4KroTcIHgGPwPFm/view?usp=sharing 

- 1foot turn table

 (pronounced sha’ say)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlpu9-LjV-o

Ice Coach Online

- going around big circle forward, you

-- push with outside leg

-- bring outside leg back beside inside leg

-- lift inside foot

-- put inside foot back down

-- repeat smooth, continuous

- goal: get on right outside edge with inside foot

- try arms in 90 degree to inside and outside, in prep for various other moves

- challenge: start pushing with outside leg while inside leg still off ice

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eKCmxOisO78

- Kseniya and Oleg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKnyLPAgBPQ

- Ice Coach Online

- forward glides including big push-off

- curving? your weight wasn’t over glide leg – still to inside

https://www.thefreedictionary.com/salchow  

- pronounciation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IIszGrkCfc

- Coach Michelle Hong: HOW TO DO A SALCHOW JUMP || OFF-ICE TRAINING

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9OHJbReFDdg 

- iSkateCoach: How to do a Salchow! An easy guide for learning this ice skating jump 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtaJjqL64lE 

- Coach Julia: How To Do A Salchow Jump in Figure Skates! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9q0G0EEtDP4 

- Next Edge: How To Start Learning A Salchow As A Beginner 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exupEwh6PDc  

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Salchow Jump in Figure Skates! 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exupEwh6PDc

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Single Salchow! - Tips For Beginners

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwlAUGiAodY 

- Next Edge: Old vs New Salchow Entry: Which One Is Right for You?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilZX1KIoYxE

- Style Skating: Master the Salchow Jump  

https://youtube.com/watch?v=0MsIDwcAS90

- journeybacktotheice: How To Do A Single Salchow Ice Skating

ISI Freestyle 2 Dance Step Sequence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GA1s22ipXbI

10 steps CCW around circle

a) left cross over 2

b) single power pull (weight on left) 1

c) RI mohawk 2 (now going backwards on inside left)

d) grapevine 4

e) RI mohawk 1

- grapevine is stepping sideways with trailing foot stepping behind, in front, behind, in front..

Forward Bracket, Backward 3 Turn combos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwtlofaAUrQ

FO bracket: free foot trails, looking inside your load leg

FI bracket: free foot leads, looking across your load leg

https://youtube.com/shorts/j3cnDgXjQ1A

- Rory’s Rink Rats: Alternating outside pivots/transitions!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_figures 

- History and description of Compulsory Figures or school figures

- turn drills, emphasizing control of tracing path around 2 (or 3) circles forming figure 8

https://skatedancediagrams.weebly.com/school-figures.html

- turn patterns on circles

htps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n2LwMId43uU

- Billy Schober demonstrates school figures

- 2 large circles (figure 8 travel): 3-turns, double-3s, brackets

- 2 small circles (figure 8 travel): loops, backward change loops

- 2 large circles (figure 8 travel): rockers, counters

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fWIlvcwB0WQ

- Adult figure skating Compulsory Figures

- use of scribe for big circles

- loops

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jU9Hy1upUr0

https://youtu.be/jU9Hy1upUr0?t=298

- XIV winter games 1984

- men’s compulsories starts at 5:00

- 2 large circles traveled in figure 8

-- with edge change and push-off in middle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlNER-BRufg

https://youtu.be/qlNER-BRufg?t=145

- XIV winter games 1984

- women’s compulsories starts  at 2:25

https://youtu.be/qlNER-BRufg?t=442

- and 7:22

https://youtu.be/y413Q01i9aA?t=139

- and Part 2 2:16

https://youtu.be/y413Q01i9aA?t=182

- and Part 2 3:00

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8YZYd3WCuQ

- World Figure & Fancy Skating Championships – 2019 – Ladies’ Creative Artwork

- possible derivative of compulsory style

https://youtube.com/watch?v=_AsX7yapHIY

- iSkateCoach: The ultimate guide to Flip jump on ice 

https://youtube.com/watch?v=Lyy-L-42Hsw

-Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Single Flip! - Tips For Beginners - Figure Skating Tutorial

https://youtube.com/watch?v=W9pMB9p7ODY

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Single Loop! - Tips For Beginners - Figure Skating Tutorial

https://youtube.com/watch?v=gX6DT7-jrzk

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Loop Jump! Tips + Common Mistakes

https://youtube.com/shorts/_FJl_S6NTBc

- IceEdgeAcademy: In this video, Joan shows how to do a loop jump from the beginning!

 https://youtube.com/watch?v=w5RmMa8bG3Q

- iSkateCoach: How to Loop Jump on ice!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=XMDRP0oqnRU

- Next Edge: A Beginner's Guide To The Loop Jump

https://youtube.com/watch?v=8qsW31N5K8A

- Coach Mary: How to do the LOOP JUMP!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=j__OA16E2Kw

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Single Axel! - Tips For Beginners - Figure Skating Tutorial

https://youtube.com/watch?v=N-DQVIG3IsI

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do An Axel! Tips + Common Mistakes

https://youtube.com/shorts/DVqg7DZtjqA

- journeybacktotheice: How to land your axel for the first time!

https://youtube.com/shorts/JV2iD2vpqq0

- journeybacktotheice: SAVE this Single Axel tip for later!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=DFPAr7HC8Kw

- Brianna Nichole: 10 Amazing Drills To Learn Your AXEL Jump FAST | 3 MIN LESSONS

 https://youtube.com/shorts/7NOK1TEltEs

- iSkateCoach: Get the Axel feeling first off ice with this drill

https://youtube.com/watch?v=O8lb6uuU1Ik

- Style Skating: 3  Must-Do Axel Jump Exercises On-Ice for Figure Skaters: Improve Your Body Position and Control 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=213DhgBS01o

- Coachmotorin: BEST FIGURE SKATING AXEL JUMP TUTORIAL

 https://youtube.com/watch?v=5OGECS-1XO0

- Sparkle Skater: How To Do A Single Lutz! - Tips For Beginners