Questions for the pretest/posttest KnowASTE and ThinkASTE instruments were adapted using existing reliable and valid instruments.
The KnowASTE assessment contains 27 multiple-choice questions (worth 1 point each) aligned to NALO, FFSL, Common Core, and NGSS standards with three subscale content measures – science, technology/engineering, and agriculture. Technology and engineering were combined into one construct, as many of their applications in agriculture overlap. Mathematics was not included as a subscale content measure because math anxiety, if present, often affects test scores in timed situations, which often influence test results. The KnowASTE assessment allowed for total scores that ranged from 0-27. Each of the three subscale content measures contained 9 items that allowed for scores that ranged from 0-9.
The ThinkASTE attitudes measure also aligned to NALO, FFSL, Common Core, and NGSS standards included 27 Likert-style items where students rated how much they agreed or disagreed with statements that encompassed the three subscale content measures – science, technology/engineering, and agriculture. Again, technology and engineering were combined, and math was not included. Students’ total possible scores ranged from 27-81, since the Likert measures included numeric values of 1 (“I Don’t Agree”), 2 (“Not Sure”), and 3 (“I Agree”). Each subscale content measure again contained 9 items that allowed for scores ranging from 9- 27.