Resources

• H.E. Amira Elfadil, Commissioner for Health, Humanitarian Affairs and Social Development, AFRICAN UNION (AU)

• Angela Martins, HHS/Culture, AFRICAN UNION (AU)

• AFRICAN UNION OFFICE OF LEGAL COUNSEL (The AU Model Law on the Protection of Cultural Property and Heritage)

• UNESCO Database National Cultural Heritage Laws https://en.unesco.org/cultnatlaws

• Firmin Edouard Matoko, Assistant Director General for Africa, UNESCO

• UNESCO, Intergovernmental Committee for Promoting the Return of Cultural Property (UNESCO-ICPRCP)

• Mr. Dimitri Sanga, UNESCO Regional Director for West Africa

• International Council of Museums (ICOM), ICOM Red Lists, ICOM Code of Ethics for Museums

• International Council of Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS)

• International Centre for the Study and Preservation of Cultural Property (ICCROM)

• International Bar Association, Art, Cultural Institutions and Heritage Law Committee

International Organizations Databases / Illicit Traffic, Stolen Cultural Property:

• UNESCO Database National Cultural Heritage Laws https://en.unesco.org/cultnatlaws

• INTERPOL Database Stolen Works of Art https://www.interpol.int/en/How-we-work/Databases/Stolen-Works-of-Art-Database

• UNODC Database Sharing Electronic Resources and Laws on Crime https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/international-cooperation/databases.html

• ICOM Observatory Illicit Traffic https://www.obs-traffic.museum/

• France: TREIMA Database of the Office Central de lutte contre le trafic des Biens Culturels (OCBC) https://www.interpol.int/fr/Infractions/Atteintes-au-patrimoine-culturel/Base-de-donnees-sur-les-aeuvres-d-art-volees

• Germany: Lost Art Internet Database https://www.lostart.de/Webs/EN/Datenbank/Index.html

• Italy: Carabinieri National Stolen Cultural Property Database http://tpcweb.carabinieri.it/SitoPubblico/psyche/generic?lang=EN

• Jordan: Antiquities Database (JADIS)

• United States of America: National Stolen Art File (NSAF) https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/violent-crime/art-theft/national-stolen-art-file

Provenance, Localization, Documentation & Awareness of African Heritage

• International Inventories Project (NMK Kenya): https://www.inventoriesprogramme.org

• Open Restitution Africa (South Africa/pan-African): https://openrestitution.africa/

• South Sudan Artefacts Working Inventory: “South Sudanese art and material culture in European and Russian Museums” (South Sudan) (2015-ongoing): https://southsudanmuseumnetwork.files.wordpress.com/2019/01/southsudanobjectsv3.pdf

• Sierra Leone Heritage (Sierra Leone) (2009-2012): https://sierraleoneheritage.org/

• AFFORD Return the Icons Project Report (UK): https://www.afford-uk.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/RoIMappingReportFinal.pdf

• Digital Benin Reconnecting Royal Art Treasures (Edo State, Nigeria, Sorbonne, Staatliche Museen Berlin, MARKK, Ernst von Siemens Art Foundation) https://digital-benin.org/

• PhotoClec — Colonial Photography in UK, Netherlands & Norway Museums: http://photoclec.dmu.ac.uk/content/home

• British Museum Collections: https://www.britishmuseum.org/

• Le Louvre Collections: https://collections.louvre.fr/

• Monde en musée — Database 200+ French museums/INHA (French museums' cartography of African & Oceanic collections):

https://monde-en-musee.inha.fr/

• BELGIUM: AfricaMuseum, Tervuren (Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale) (DRC, Rwanda, Burundi, etc.) Policy on Restitution (2020): https://www.africamuseum.be/en/about_us/restitution

• FRANCE: « Rapport sur la restitution du patrimoine culturel africain. Vers une nouvelle éthique relationnelle »

  • F. Sarr/B/ Savoy Restitution Report to Pres. Macron: http://restitutionreport2018.com/sarr_savoy_fr.pdf

  • http://restitutionreport2018.com/sarr_savoy_en.pdf

  • Macron’s Declaration of Ouagadougou (2017): https://www.elysee.fr/front/pdf/elyseemodule-829-fr.pdf

• GERMANY: German Museums Association’s ‘Guidelines on Dealing with Collections from Colonial Contexts’ (in French: https://www.museumsbund.de/publikationen/guidelines-on-dealing-with-collections-fromcolonial-contexts-2/)

• NETHERLANDS: Guidelines & Application for the Restitution & Return of Colonial-Era Cultural Heritage in Dutch Museums: https://www.volkenkunde.nl/en/aboutvolkenkunde/press/dutch-national-museum-world-cultures-nmvw-announces-principles-claims

• PORTUGAL: ICOM-Portugal Inventory of Portuguese Collections: Inquérito à presença de património proveniente de territórios não-europeus nos museus portugueses

• UK: Arts Council England (ACE) Guidelines / Institute of Art and Law, Wales: forthcoming

• USA: America’s Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (“NAGPRA 1990”)

• Zeitz MOCAA, Museum of Contemporary African Art, Cape Town, South Africa (2017)

• Musée des Civilisations noires, Dakar, Senegal (2018)

• The Javett Arts Centre, University of Pretoria, South Africa (2019)

• Musée national de la République du Congo, Kinshasa, DRC (2019)

• Le Palais de Lomé, Togo (2019)

• Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art, Lekki, Lagos State, Nigeria (2020)

• Benin : Musée international de la mémoire et de l’esclavage, Ouidah (2021) ; Musée de l’Esclavage, Alladah (2024), Le musée de l’épopée des amazones et des rois d’Abomey/Palais d’Abomey (2021), Dahomey, Porto-Novo.

• The Ngaren Museum of Humankind, Loodariak, Great Rift Valley, Kenya (2024).

• The Edo Museum of West African Art (EMOWAA), Benin City, Nigeria (2024) / Museum of West African Research Institute Benin City Ruins, Archaeology Site Project

• The Usher Fort Slave Museum and Documentary Center, Accra, Ghana (2021)

• W.E.B. Dubois Museum Complex, Accra, Ghana (2024)