Distance + Servo

Wiring Guide for Arduino Nano:

• Ultrasonic Sensor:

  • VCC --> 5V on Nano

  • GND ---> GND on Nano

  • Trig ---> Digital Pin 2

  • Echo ---> Digital Pin 3

• Servo Motor:

  • Power (Red) --->5V on Nano (Note: If your servo draws too much current, it should be powered by a separate 5V source with common ground)

  • Ground (Brown/Black) ---> GND on Nano

  • Signal (Yellow/Orange) ---> Digital Pin 9

#include <Servo.h>

// Define pins for the ultrasonic sensor

const int trigPin = 2;

const int echoPin = 3;

// Define pin for the servo motor

const int servoPin = 9;

Servo myServo; // Create servo object to control a servo

void setup() {

 // Initialize serial communication for debugging

 Serial.begin(9600);

  // Set pin modes

 pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);

 pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);

  // Attach the servo on pin 9 to the servo object

 myServo.attach(servoPin);

}

void loop() {

 long duration;

 int distance;

 // 1. Send the Ultrasonic Pulse

 // Clear the trigPin first

 digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

 delayMicroseconds(2);

  // Trigger the sensor by setting trigPin HIGH for 10 microseconds

 digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);

 delayMicroseconds(10);

 digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

 // 2. Read the Echo

 // Read the echoPin, returning the sound wave travel time in microseconds

 duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

 // Calculate the distance in centimeters

 // Speed of sound is ~0.034 cm/microsecond. Divide by 2 for the round trip.

 distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;

 // 3. Process and Map the Value

 // Clamp the distance to a maximum of 100cm so the servo doesn't over-rotate

 distance = constrain(distance, 0, 100);

 // Map the distance (0-100 cm) to servo angle (0-180 degrees)

 int servoAngle = map(distance, 0, 100, 0, 180);

 // Move the servo to the mapped angle

 myServo.write(servoAngle);

 // Print values to the Serial Monitor for troubleshooting

 Serial.print("Distance: ");

 Serial.print(distance);

 Serial.print(" cm  -->  Servo Angle: ");

 Serial.print(servoAngle);

 Serial.println(" degrees");

 // Small delay before the next reading to prevent signal bouncing/jitter

 delay(50);

}