Reasoning is what we do when we take information, compare it to what we already know, and then come up with a conclusion. While much of our ability to reason is innate, these skills can be taught and improved upon. Reasoning skills often happen subconsciously and within seconds. However, sometimes we need to think things through to reach a conclusion when we are presented with a difficult question or situation.
Reasoning about change which addresses the notions of time and change is central to the way we think about the world.
Reasoning skills are essential to day-to-day life: we apply them to make choices among possible options, to distinguish between positive and negative situations, to decide how to approach a problem and resolve it, and much more.
https://www.armstrongeconomics.com/qa/time-for-a-change-in-reasoning/
Given Information + Knowledge = Reasoned Conclusion