Expat author Inna Rothmann has just released a poetry collection called Multiversed, inspired by themes as diverse as expat life, search for life purpose and quantum physics. Read on to find out how this one-time teacher from Moldova became a poet in Dubai.
Over the years, I travelled a lot, and I met my husband-to-be on a trip in Turkey. He was South African, so we had to compromise on where to live. When he got a job offer in Dubai, we became an expat family.
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I gave up teaching and financial consulting and went on a Dubai spouse visa. We agreed it would be better for me to explore other opportunities rather than find a local job. My husband was supporting me wholeheartedly, so I had free time to figure out my future career plans and aspirations.
I also took different courses, varying from self-development to quantum physics and poetry. I even attended Arabic courses in person. The poetry class was led by a talented and enthusiastic poet who inspired me to start writing poetry. I enjoyed the process and continued creating after the course finished. I ended up with more than 100 poems and then forgot about them for a few years. When I came back to them recently, I turned them into a book.
When we were sitting in lockdown, my very good friend, Irina Sirbu, came up with the idea for a Covid book about people like expats and migrants, which became Surviving Covid-19 in a Foreign Land: Stories of Expats and Migrants Around the World. Nobody talked about what it was like to be in a home away from home in this time, and we wanted the voices of expats and migrants to be heard.
Carolyn Cooper, Contributor
I don't usually give in to the demands of domineering men. But I simply couldn't resist the appeal of Mr R. Oscar Lofters, who responded rather passionately to my column 'Out of Many, Fi Wi Langgwij', published on October 28, 2012: "I demand that from now on the professor writes her columns totally in Patwa. I refuse to read anymore of her columns written in English. Since Jamaicans all speak, write and understand Patwa, why waste time writing in a mixture of both?"
I suppose Mr Lofters was being sarcastic. But the very thought that he might possibly have been sending a serious message to The Gleaner's opinion editor sent waves of pleasure rushing through my being. Here was a man after my own heart who was up for creativity; a man with a lofty vision of what my mother tongue could do. Mr Lofters seemed to be celebrating the unlimited potential of the Jamaican language as a tool of communication worthy of The Sunday Gleaner's editorial page.
However much my brain was stimulated by the thought of submitting to Mr Lofters' seductive proposition, I knew it was all anti-climactic. My hands were tied. Four months ago, Mr Lofters didn't stand a chance in hell of having his 'dream' come true. I wasn't allowed to write a whole column in Jamaican. I was restricted to one paragraph per week.
I've now been given 'permission' to write one column per month in Jamaican. From one paragraph to a 'whole-a' column! 'Wat a sinting! Patwa step up inna life.' It's an experiment that will run for five months. If readers approve, I may even be able to write a 'proper-proper' bilingual column once again: one week in English, the other in Jamaican, as I did for the Observer in the 1990s. It wasn't easy to get the conservative editors of that juvenile newspaper to agree. Youthfulness is no guarantee of creativity; and old age is no guarantee of wisdom.
With due respect to Mr Lofters, I really don't want to use 'so-so Patwa' each week, even though I thoroughly enjoy the challenges of writing expository prose in my mother tongue. It's a language we've been taught to diss: it's 'limited'. Sceptics keep on making silly claims like, 'You can't do science in Patwa.'
They don't know that speakers of a language can make it do anything they want. It's not the language that's doing the thinking. And if you need technical vocabulary for new concepts, you simply make it up or 'borrow' from another language, the way speakers of English do all the time.
Still for all, I'm never going to give up writing in English. I just love the quirkiness of the language. I think of English as the world's greatest patois. Its vocabulary is a tasty stew of basic Anglo-Saxon words and a host of borrowings from other languages such as Greek, Latin, Old Norman, French, Arabic, Hindi, Japanese, Yoruba, Twi, Maori, Yiddish and, these days, even Jamaican!
Interestingly, the word 'cashew' entered the English language via Jamaica. The story of this word and lots of others is told by the linguist Frederic Cassidy in his most entertaining and informative book, 'Jamaica Talk: Three Hundred Years of the English Language in Jamaica'. Of course, there were other languages in Jamaica over the centuries. The 'mix-up an blenda' produced strange new words.
So 'cashew' comes from French 'acajou', from Portuguese 'acaju', from Tupi Indian 'acaj'. According to Cassidy, the Oxford English Dictionary "first cites the word from 1703, but it was borrowed at least 45 years before that time. In 'The State of Jamaica' (dated post 1660), we find 'Cashues' in a list of fruits along with 'supotillia, advocatas, custard apples' and others."
Once you understand the arbitrariness of language, it becomes much easier to accept variation as part of the natural flow of things. So when a Jamaican speaker pronounces 'cashew' as 'kyshu' or 'kshu', this is certainly not 'bad English'. Especially since 'cashew' isn't English at all. Cassidy also notes that the dropping off of the 'a' from 'acajou' "appears to be a part of the original adoption". So Jamaicans are responsible for cashew losing its head.
Native speakers of English are often not hooked on 'correctness' in the way that uptight, second-language learners often are. They actually experiment with their mother tongue, making it do all sorts of interesting things. Words like 'bling' and 'diss' have found their way into English, not just as slang, but as 'respectable' new vocabulary, heard on the BBC.
The big problem with writing a column in Jamaican is the mindset of many potential readers. I'm always amazed at the way some people say with apparent pride, "Mi just kyaan read Patwa." As though this is a sign of congenital superiority.
But many Jamaicans routinely read and write in our mother tongue. We just don't seem to be conscious of what we're doing. Or we don't want to admit it. We send text messages in 'Patwa' all the time. And think of all those Jamaican jokes that circulate on the Internet.
There's a standard writing system for the Jamaican language that was developed almost 50 years ago. But it has not been widely taught in school. That's not surprising. Our school system really doesn't take seriously the mother tongue of most Jamaicans. Well, better late than never. Starting next week, I'll be using the official writing system along with a 'chaka-chaka' version. Adventurous readers will get a chance to learn the 'prapa-prapa sistim'.
Carolyn Cooper is a professor of literary and cultural studies at the University of the West Indies, Mona. Visit her bilingual blog at Email feedback to columns@gleanerjm.com and karokupa@gmail.com.
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Purpose: Our aim was to elicit a value set for Capability-Adjusted Life Years Sweden (CALY-SWE); a capability-grounded quality of life instrument intended for use in economic evaluations of social interventions with broad consequences beyond health.
Results: We excluded 20% of the TTO answers of participants with the largest inconsistencies to improve data quality. A hybrid model with an anchor scale and censoring was chosen to generate the value set; models with heteroskedasticity considerations or individually varying intercepts did not offer substantial improvement. The lowest capability weight was 0.114. Health, social relations, and finance and housing attributes contributed the largest capability gains, followed by occupation, security, and political and civil rights.
A comprehensive review of the economic evidence on parenting interventions targeting different aspects of child health is lacking to support decision-making. The aim of this review is to provide an up to date synthesis of the available health economic evidence for parenting interventions aiming to improve child health. A systematic review was conducted with articles identified through Econlit, Medline, PsychINFO, and ERIC databases. Only full economic evaluations comparing two or more options, considering both costs and outcomes were included. We assessed the quality of the studies using the Drummond checklist. We identified 44 studies of varying quality that met inclusion criteria; 22 targeting externalizing behaviors, five targeting internalizing problems, and five targeting other mental health problems including autism and alcohol abuse. The remaining studies targeted child abuse (n = 5), obesity (n = 3), and general health (n = 4). Studies varied considerably and many suffered from methodological limitations, such as limited costing perspectives, challenges with outcome measurement and short-time horizons. Parenting interventions showed good value for money in particular for preventing child externalizing and internalizing behaviors. For the prevention of child abuse, some programs had the potential of being cost-saving over the longer-term. Interventions were not cost-effective for the treatment of autism and obesity. Future research should include a broader spectrum of societal costs and quality-of-life impacts on both children and their caregivers. 152ee80cbc
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