Works Cited

Works Cited & Annotated Bibliography Entries
(MLA 9th Edition)

Style Guides (MLA 9)

(Online Documentation Reference Tools)

Citation Basics (MLA 9 )

(Source Documentation Information)

Core Elements

MLA Citation Elements

Nine (9) Elements of MLA: Use elements relevant to source.
- Elements are followed by either a comma (,) or a period (.)
- Element 1: Author followed by a period (last name, first)
- Element 2: "Title of Source." (end w/ period inside quotation marks.)
  *Titles of contained pieces like articles, op-eds. & episodes in quotation marks.
Elements 3-9: Container details separated by commas. (end w/ period)
*Titles of containers like books, databases, series, streaming, & websites in italics.

Requirements & Details

- Second Container: Include Elements 3-9 for each container.
  Example: First container = Journal | Second container = Database
- Journal Articles: Usually have Volume & Issue number
- URLs: No dynamic links. Use stable link or DOI. (Omit https://)
- Page Numbers: p. = page | pp. = pages. | Page Range = 521-25
- Reverse Indent: Indent second and subsequent lines of each entry
- Accessed Date: Include for all electronic sources "Accessed 5 Sept. 2022."
- Abbreviations: Use proper MLA abbreviations

Containers & Contained

MLA Containers

Guidelines (MLA "Works Cited")

The "Works Cited" should be on a separate page or pages.
* This is usually the last one or two pages of the essay. (Hint: Insert a page break after your word count.)
“Works Cited” indicates multiple sources. A “Work Cited” indicates a single source.
Indent the second and subsequent lines of each entry. This is called a hanging indent or reverse indent.
Organize sources alphabetically by the author’s last name.
- If there is no author, alphabetize by the source's title.
Include contributors such as editors, translators, & illustrators.
Include all source data such as anthology info, database info, volume, issue, number, page, page range, etc.
Include the accessed date for all electronic sources (e.g. "Accessed 5 Sept. 2022.").
Cite the document’s stable link rather than the dynamic browser toolbar link
Use the Document Object Identifier (DOI) if available (rather than a stable link)
Remove hyperlinks. Format URLs as plain text, NOT active hyperlinks.
Remove https:// from all URLs.
Double space your “Works Cited” page (i.e. set line spacing to "2").
Remove extra space before and after paragraphs (i.e. set space before & after paragraph to "0").
Use the same font style and size as the text of your essay (i.e. Times New Roman, 12 pt).
Titles of Containers such as journals & magazines should be italicized (e.g. Hamlet, Time Magazine, JSTOR).
- A container is a terminal unit in which multiple smaller sources are located (e.g. anthology, website, database, TV series, newspaper, book, etc.).
Titles of shorter works (parts of a whole) such as “Article Titles” and are placed in quotation marks.
- Use quotes for the titles of articles, journal articles, poems, short stories, speeches, papers, chapters, sections, parts, TV episodes, website pages, & songs
Omit company formation abbreviations (e.g. Inc., LLC., Corp., Co., etc.)
p. = single page (p. A4, p. 547)
pp. = page range (pp. 154-99). Omit second hundreds digit (pp. 415-89).
Use et al. for three or more authors or contributors: Smith, Joe, et al.
Method: Find source type template on OWL @ perdue and fill in all details possible.

**** Reference full MLA documentation guidelines at the link below: ****

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_style_introduction.html

Templates & Resources

(Table of Contents & MLA Resource Links)

Online Works

Template (OWL)
Viewpoint (Op-Ed)
Journal Article (MLA)
- URL
- DOI
Database (MLA)
Digital Sources (MLA)
Government (MLA)
Magazines (MLA)
News Sites (MLA)
Reference Works (MLA)
Reports (MLA)
Social Media (MLA)
Blog Post (MLA)
Websites (MLA)

Images & Artwork

Photograph (MLA)
Artwork (MLA)
Images (MLA)
Captions (MLA)
Advertisements (MLA)
Maps (MLA)
Museums (MLA)
Exhibits (MLA)
Slides (MLA)
Tables & Illustrations

Songs & Performances

Musical Works (MLA)
Performances (MLA)
Songs & Lyrics (MLA)
Sound Recordings (MLA)
Radio Programs

Other Types of Sources

Survey (Student Conducted)
Data (Collected by Others)
Interview (Student Conducted) (MLA)
Lecture (In-Person) (MLA)
Podcast (MLA)
Speech (MLA)

Citation Template (MLA 9)

(Substitute Source Info & Omit Irrelevant Sections) (OWL @ Perdue)

Author. "Title." Title of Container (self contained if book), Other contributors (translators or editors), Version (edition), Number (vol. and/or no.), Publisher (omit if same as container title), Publication Date (14 Jul. 2024), Location (pages, paragraphs, URL, DOI. Use stable links. Omit https://. Make links non-clickable.). 2nd container’s title (database, website, network, etc.), Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location. Date of Access (25 May 2024 or 25 Sept. 2024.).

Template Guidelines

Use the template above to create MLA 9 "Works Cited" and "Annotated Bibliography" source entries.
- Copy template > "Paste without formatting" (Mac: shift + option + command +V) (Windows: Ctrl + Shift + V)
Substitute your source information into this template & omit irrelevant sections. Make sure to retain the italics and punctuation.
Use hanging indentation (i.e. reverse indent). Align first line to left margin (no indentation) and indent all subsequent lines one-half inch (1/2"). ** Not shown here. **

Citation Examples

(MLA 9 Citation Templates)

Books

One Author

Harris, Julia R. Melodies of Resistance: The Life and Legacy of Nina Simone, Mahalia Jackson, and Marian Anderson. Beacon Press, 2022.

Davis, Anna M. Feminist Echoes: The Legacy of 20th Century Activism. Vintage Books, 2022.

Two Authors

Johnson, Peter, and Maria Lopez. The Exploration of Columbus and the Americas. Harper & Row, 2021.

More Than Two Authors

Hansen, Maria, et al. The Fundamentals of Medical Humanities. Cambridge UP, 2020.

Unknown Author (Anonymous)

The Odyssey. Translated by Emily Wilson, edited by Paul Cartledge, Penguin Books, 2018.

The Tale of Genji. Translated by Royall Tyler, Medina del Campo, 2021.

By an Organization (Corporate Author), Published by a Different Entity

World Bank. Impacts of Urban Growth in Developing Nations. Oxford UP, 2019.

Edited

Robinson, Mark, et al., editors. Agents of Social Change: Cultural Studies After the 21st Century. MIT Press, 2023.

Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury Tales. Edited by Robert Adams, Norton Critical Editions, 2020. TEAMS Middle English Texts, U of Toronto P, digital.lib.toronto.edu/publications/canterbury-tales.

Shakespeare, William. The Riverside Shakespeare. Edited by George Northrup, Penguin Classics, 2022.

Martinez, Carlos, editor. Latin American Literary Theories in Context. U of Texas P, 2023.

Translated

Harvey, Alan, and Maria Tokarev, translators. War and Peace. By Leo Tolstoy, e-book ed., Penguin Books, 2020.

Balzac, Honoré de. Père Goriot. Translated by Jane Roberts, Oxford UP, 2021.

Edited and Translated by the Same Person

Jung, Carl. The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious. Edited and translated by John Beebe, W. W. Norton, 2022.

Illustrated

Carroll, Lewis. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. Illustrated by John Tenniel, Bantam Books, 2006.

Shanafelt, Colin. One Thing Right. Illustrated by Jeff Thomason, Gatsby's Light Publication, 2011.

Published in a Numbered or Named Edition

Thompson, James R., and Sarah Porter. The American Presidency: 1776 to the Present. 4th ed., U of Chicago P, 2021.

Wollstonecraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. Edited by Jennifer Goss, Penguin Classics, 4th ed., 2022.

In a Named Series

Vallejo, César. Poemas humanos. Translated by Clayton Eshleman, U of Pittsburgh P, 2022. Latin American Poetry Series.

More Than One Publisher

Martinez, Linda, editor. Goya: The Women Behind the Art. National Gallery of Art / Cambridge UP, 2020.

Comic Book or Graphic Novel

Tan, Amy. The Valley of Amazement. Eightball, no. 21, Knopf Doubleday, 2018.

Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse. By Brian Michael Bendis, illustrated by Sara Pichelli, inked by Wade von Grawbadger, colored by Justin Ponsor, Marvel Comics, 2020.

Multivolume Set Individually Titled

Parks, Gordon. The Power of Photography. Vintage Books, 2021. Vol. 5 of The History of American Art.

Anthology Work (dead-tree printed book)

Shakespeare, William. “Sonnet 129.” The Norton Anthology of English Literature, edited by Stephen Greenblatt and M. H. Abrams. 9th ed., vol. B, W. W. Norton, 2018, pp. 154-69.

E-Book Version

Modern Language Association of America. MLA Handbook. 10th ed., e-book ed., Modern Language Association of America, 2023.

Rowling, J.K. The Casual Vacancy. E-book ed., Little, Brown, 2021.

Published in an App

The Bible. New Revised Standard Version. Bible Hub, version 5.0, Bible Hub / Zondervan, 2022. App.

Audiobook

Morrison, Toni. Beloved. Narrated by Oprah Winfrey, audiobook ed., unabridged ed., Penguin Random House Audio, 2020.

Periodicals

Newspaper Article

Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured Patients." Washington Post, 24 May 2007, p. LZ01.

Krugman, Andrew. "Fear of Eating." New York Times, late ed., 21 May 2007, p. A1.

Magazine Article

Poniewozik, James. "TV Makes a Too-Close Call." Time, 20 Nov. 2000, pp. 70-71.

Buchman, Dana. "A Special Education." Good Housekeeping, Mar. 2006, pp. 143-48.

Behre, Robert. "Presidential Hopefuls Get Final Crack at Core of S.C. Democrats." Post and Courier [Charleston, SC], 29 Apr. 2007, p. A11.

Trembacki, Paul. "Brees Hopes to Win Heisman for Team." Purdue Exponent [West Lafayette, IN], 5 Dec. 2000, p. 20.

Op-Ed, Editorial, & Letter to the Editor

"Of Mines and Men." Editorial. Wall Street Journal, eastern edition, 24 Oct. 2003, p. A14.

Hamer, John. Letter. American Journalism Review, Dec. 2006/Jan. 2007, p. 7.

Scholarly Journal Article

Bagchi, Alaknanda. "Conflicting Nationalisms: The Voice of the Subaltern in Mahasweta Devi's Bashai Tudu." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature, vol. 15, no. 1, 1996, pp. 41-50.

Duvall, John N. "The (Super)Marketplace of Images: Television as Unmediated Mediation in DeLillo's White Noise." Arizona Quarterly, vol. 50, no. 3, 1994, pp. 127-53.

Electronic Sources

Template: Electronic Sources (OWL)

Example

Edwards, Jonathan. "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." The Selected Sermons of Jonathan Edwards, edited by H. Norman Gardiner, Project Gutenberg, 12 Dec. 2010, sermon V, pp. 78-97. Project Gutenberg, www.gutenberg.org/files/34632/34632-h/34632-h.htm. Accessed 5 June 2022.

Journal Article

URL (online)

Peebles, Stacey. “Yuman Belief Systems and Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian.” Texas Studies in Literature and Language, vol. 45, no. 2, 2003, pp. 231–44. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40755387. Accessed 12 Mar. 2022.

Dolby, Nadine. “Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and Future Directions.” Social Work and Society, vol. 6, no. 2, 2008, www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/60/362. Accessed 20 May 2019.

URL (online & print)

Wheelis, Mark. “Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention.” Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 6, no. 6, 2000, pp. 595-600, wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/6/6/00-0607_article. Accessed 8 Feb. 2009.

DOI (online)

Alonso, Alvaro, and Julio A. Camargo. “Toxicity of Nitrite to Three Species of Freshwater Invertebrates.” Environmental Toxicology, vol. 21, no. 1, 3 Feb. 2006, pp. 90-94. JSTOR, doi.org/10.1002/tox.20155. Accessed 14 July 2022.

Archive (online)

Thoreau, Henry David. “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For.” Walden, and On The Duty Of Civil Disobedience. Project Gutenberg, 1995, pp. 15-47. Project Gutenberg, www.gutenberg.org/files/205/205-h/205-h.htm#chap03. Accessed 16 Aug. 2022.

Magazine Article (online)

Carlisle, Madeleine. “Views of the Supreme Court Drop after Abortion Ruling.” Time, Time USA, 1 Sept. 2022, time.com/6210293/supreme-court-pew-poll-dobbs/. Accessed 5 Sept. 2022.

Bernstein, Mark. “10 Tips on Writing the Living Web.” A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 16 Aug. 2002, alistapart.com/article/writeliving. Accessed 4 May 2019.

Opinion, Op-Ed, Viewpoint, or Editorial in Newspaper or Magazine (online)

Pie, Jonathan, and Adam Westbrook. “The Conservatives Made Everything in Britain Worse (Yes, Even the Weather).” New York Times, 5 Sept. 2022, www.nytimes.com/2022/09/05/opinion/liz-truss-prime-minister-inflation.html. Accessed 5 Sept. 2022.

Entire Web Site (online)

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. Accessed 23 Apr. 2025.

Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed 10 May 2025.

Page on a Web Site (online)

Lundman, Susan. “How to Make Vegetarian Chili.” eHow, www.ehow.com/how_10727_make-vegetarian-chili.html. Accessed 6 July 2015.

“Athlete's Foot - Topic Overview.” WebMD, 25 Sept. 2014, www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/athletes-foot-topic-overview. Accessed 10 May 2025.

Scholarly Journals

Print Journal Articles

Volume Number & Issue Number

Miller, Julia R. “The Evolution of Urban Spaces in 19th-Century Literature.” Victorian Studies, vol. 55, no. 3, 2022, pp. 200–221.

Issue Number

Nguyen, Timothy. “The Power of Letters: How the French Revolution Transformed Political Discourse.” History and Theory, no. 112, 2023, pp. 34–59.

Season

Johnson, Emily. “The Rise of Digital Media in Political Campaigns.” Communication Quarterly, vol. 76, no. 2, fall 2021, pp. 89–104.

Organization (Corporate Author)

National Education Association. “Reforming Educational Standards in the 21st Century.” Education Today, 2020, pp. 50–65.

Translator

Ovid. “Transformations in Mythology.” Translated by Anna Davis. Classical Review, vol. 67, no. 2, 2021, pp. 45–50.

Language Other Than English

Martínez, José. “El impacto de la tecnología en la educación moderna.” Revista de educación moderna, vol. 18, 2022, pp. 120–35.

Journal with More Than One Series

Stevens, Alan. “Philosophy and the Human Condition: Revisiting Kant’s Ethics.” Philosophy Today, new series, vol. 35, no. 3, 2023, pp. 88–102.

Special Issue

Harrison, William J. “Cultural Identity in Postcolonial Africa.” Cultural Transformations in Africa, special issue of Postcolonial Studies Review, edited by James Peterson, vol. 18, no. 1, 2022, pp. 132–50.

Online Journal Articles

URL (online)

Kim, Hannah. “Artificial Intelligence in Modern Healthcare Systems.” Digital Health Quarterly, vol. 5, no. 1, 2023, www.digitalhealth.org/dhq/vol/5/1/003456/003456.html. Accessed 25 Oct. 2024.

URL (online & print)

White, Mark. “Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention.” Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 6, no. 6, 2000, pp. 595-600, wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/6/6/00-0607_article. Accessed 8 Feb. 2009.

DOI (online)

Wright, Melissa. “Global Trade Networks and Economic Shifts in the 21st Century.” Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 34, no. 4, Dec. 2021, pp. 59–82. Project Muse, doi.org/10.1353/jep.2021.0034.

Permalink (online)

Greene, Jessica. “Gender Roles in Victorian England: A Critical Study.” English Literature Review, vol. 72, no. 2, spring 2020, pp. 35–52. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/43201822. Accessed 5 Sept. 2022.

PDF of a Journal Article (online)

Baker, Robert. “The Poetics of Urban Life: A Study of T.S. Eliot.” Harvard Review, vol. 91, nos. 2–3, Aug. 2020, pp. 87–105. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/45106548. PDF download. Accessed 25 Oct. 2024.

Supplementary Data for a Journal Article (online)

Chen, Lisa Y. “Voter Behavior and Social Media Influence in Modern Elections.” Political Science Review, vol. 130, no. 2, May 2023, pp. 25–48. Cambridge Core, doi:10.1017/PSR202300208. Chen supplementary material. Accessed 25 Oct. 2024.

Published ahead of Print (online)

Park, David, et al. “Migration Trends and National Policy: A Global Perspective.” International Sociology Review, 2024. Cambridge Core, https://doi.10.1017/S193577392300015X. Accessed 25 Oct. 2024.

Other Types of Sources

Survey (Student Conducted)

(Google Survey, Opinion Poll, or Raw Data Collected by You)

"In a report on data collected from a survey you designed and distributed, clarify the data source in the body of the report instead of creating a works-cited-list entry for the survey. Be sure to explain in detail the methodology you used—that is, how you distributed the survey and collected and sorted responses. It’s also good practice to make the survey instrument available to readers, either by including it as an appendix to your report or by providing a link to it in an endnote. Some researchers even make their data sets available to readers, often in an Excel file." - MLA Style Center

Survey (Works Cited Option)

* Name of Survey. Survey. Conducted by [Student's Name], Date.

Survey of International Students at UT Austin. Survey. Conducted by Sally Williams, 25 Oct. 2024.

Interview (Student Conducted)

* Name of Interviewee. Interview. Conducted by [Student's Name], Date.

Jobs, Steve. Interview. Conducted by Sally Williams, 25 Oct. 2024.

Data (Collected by Others)

"When citing published data—such as data from Google Trends, the United States Census, or the MLA Language Map—you’ll need to point readers to the source. If the data are included in a report, use in-text citations keyed to works-cited-list entries to cite the information." - MLA Style Center

Of the 321,144 speakers of Greek in the United States in 2010, nearly a quarter (72,864) lived in New York State (MLA Language Map).

MLA Language Map Data Center. Modern Language Association, apps.mla.org/map_data.

Podcast

Contained on a Larger Website

"If the podcast is contained within a larger website–in the case of some news programs, for example–list the information for the larger website in a second container." MLA Style Center

Sanford, Bella, narrator. “Masculinity Vanishes.” Rethinking Gender, season 1, episode 1, Slate Group, 2016, rethinkinggender.com/seasons?selected=season-1.

Streamed on the Web

"To cite a podcast episode that you streamed on the web, follow the MLA format template. List the narrator or host in the “Author” slot and the title of the podcast episode in the “Title of source” slot. Then list the name of the podcast as the title of the container, the season and episode number—if applicable—and the publisher. If a date is given for the episode, list it; otherwise, provide the copyright date of the website. Then provide the URL." MLA Style Center

Smith, Jordan, host. “The Mystery Behind Lunar Phases.” Morning Edition, NPR, 11 Sept. 2020. NPR, www.npr.org/2017/08/11/542753070/mystery-behind-lunar-phases.

Same Author & Narrator

Conner, Sara. “When Robots Rule.” Narrated by Conner. The Futurist, hosted by Samuel Langhorn, 15 May 2023. The New Yorker, www.newyorker.com/podcast/the-futurist/when-robots-rule. Accessed 12 Nov. 2024.

Different Author & Narrator

Smith, Jane. “A New Dawn.” Narrated by Jeremy Smith. Smithsonian Literary Archives, smithsonianarchives.org/a-new-dawn/. Accessed 12 Nov. 2024.

Podcast as Version

“Robert Johnson Reads ‘A Journey Through Time.’” Literary Voices: New Fiction from Global Writers, hosted by Sarah Brown, podcast ed., Global Writers / WNYC, 5 Mar. 2020. Spotify app.

Film or Movie

Title of Film. Contributions, Publisher, Publication Date. Second Container, Location.

Point of No Return. Directed by John Badham, Warner Bros., 1993.

Moonlight. Directed by Barry Jenkins, A24 / Plan B Entertainment / Pastel Productions, 2016.

Othello. Directed by Stuart Burge, performances by Laurence Olivier et al., BHE Films, 1965. Netflix, www.netflix.com.

Actors whose contributions are the focus of your discussion

Star Wars: The Last Jedi. Directed by Rian Johnson, performances by Adam Driver and Carrie Fisher, Walt Disney Studios, 2017.

TV Series Episode (Viewed on a Website)

“Title of Source.” Title of Container, Number, Publisher, Publication Date. Title of 2nd Container, Location.

“Cake Week.” The Great British Baking Show, collection 5, episode 1, Love Productions, 2017. Netflix, www.netflix.com/watch/81001542?trackId=13752289.

“The Final Problem.” Sherlock, created by Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, season 4, episode 3, BBC, 15 Jan. 2017. Masterpiece, WGBH Educational Foundation, 2019, www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/episodes/sherlock-s4-e3/.

“Manhattan Vigil.” Directed by Jean de Segonzac. Law and Order: Special Victims Unit, created by Dick Wolf, season 14, episode 5, Wolf Films, 24 Oct. 2012. Netflix, www.netflix.com.

YouTube Video

Author (if different than uploader). "Title of Source." Title of Container, Uploader, Date, Location.

Plait, Phil. “Introduction to Astronomy: Crash Course Astronomy #1.” YouTube, uploaded by CrashCourse, 15 Jan. 2015, youtu.be/0rHUDWjR5gg.

** Selected entries from the MLA Handbook (9th ed) & The OWL @ Purdue. **

Images & Artwork

Image, Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph

*Provide the artist's name, the work of art italicized, the date of creation, the institution and city where the work is housed. Follow this initial entry with the name of the Website in italics, and the date of access.

Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV. 1800. Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid. Museo Nacional del Prado, www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/f47898fc-aa1c-48f6-a779-71759e417e74. Accessed 22 May 2026.

Klee, Paul. Twittering Machine. 1922. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Artchive, www.artchive.com/artchive/K/klee/twittering_machine.jpg.html. Accessed May 2026.

Web Only

Adams, Clifton R. “People Relax Beside a Swimming Pool at a Country Estate Near Phoenix, Arizona, 1928.” Found, National Geographic Creative, 2 June 2016, natgeofound.tumblr.com/. Accessed May 2026.

Contributors

Translator

Shami, Mohammed. Whispers in the Sand. Translated by Sarah Johnson and Edward King, W.W Norton, 2025.

Browne, William, et al., "Arabian Days & Nights." Modern Arabic Literature: A Collection of Short Stories, translated by Faisal Iqbal, Princeton UP, 2020, pp. 55–72.

Euripides. Medea. The Essential Greek Plays, translated by Thomas Kline, Penguin Classics, 2022, pp. 112–45.

Jameson, Michael. Preface. Collected Works of W.H. Auden, translated by Jameson, HarperCollins, 2019, pp. ix–xxvii.

Editor

Donne, John. "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning." The Longman Anthology of British Literature, edited by David Damrosch, 5th ed., vol. 1A, Pearson, 2021, p. 1250.

Shelley, Mary. "Frankenstein: Chapter 5." The Complete Works of Mary Shelley, edited by Emily Johnson, vol. 2, Oxford UP, 2020, pp. 150–57.

Compiler

"A Trickster Tale." Indigenous Legends: Folklore from Across the Americas, compiled by Rosa Martinez, U of Arizona P, 2018, pp. 78–86.

Illustrator

Simmons, Amanda. "Rethinking Education: Teaching with Images." Pedagogy Today, illustrated by Julia Lopez and Mark Peters, vol. 45, no. 2, 2003, pp. 231–44. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40755387. Accessed 12 Mar. 2022.

Shanafelt, Colin. One Thing Right. Illustrated by Jeff Thomason, Gatsby's Light Publications, 2011. FlipHTML5, online.fliphtml5.com/vnczh/qpuw/#p=1, 5 May 2024. Accessed 27 Jan. 2025.