[Research & Publications]
My research encompasses managerial economic issues in sport, largely relating to the market power of sports leagues in the U.S. The sport setting also provides a data-rich context for exploring and testing economic and management theories that apply to other firms and industries. My research can be characterized under three primary branches: 1) Labor & Personnel Economics, 2) Industrial Organization, and 3) Public Policy & Economic Development.
You can find a list of my publications below, or find my CV under the Home tab above for a complete list of projects (Google Scholar Page). If you do not have access to the journals linked for each paper and would like a copy, please contact me through email. Some of my papers below have older working versions available to download for free at my SSRN Author Page or IDEAS/RePEc Page.
Publications
2024
42. Imbrogno, C. & Mills, B.M. (Forthcoming). Superstars really are scarce: Shohei Ohtani and baseball attendance. Journal of Sport Management. [Article Link]
41. Flannagan, K., Mills, B.M., & Goldstone, R. (2024). The psychophysics of home plate umpire calls in baseball. Scientific Reports, 14, 2735. [Article Link] [Replication Files]
2023
40. Mills, B.M. & Fort, R. (2023). Fan preference heterogeneity in Major League Baseball. Journal of Sports Economics, 24, 352-373. [Article Link]
2022
39. Day, G., Holden, J., & Mills, B.M. (2022). Fraud on any market. Indiana Law Journal, 97, 659-706. [Article Link]
38. Sung, H., Mills, B.M., & Lee, Y.H. (2022). Competitive balance in Major League Soccer. Journal of Sports Economics, 23, 329-354. [Article Link]
2021
37. Mills, B.M. (2021). A peculiarity that positions sport management. Journal of Sport Management, 35, 581-593. [Article Link]
36. Peeters, T., Mills, B.M., Pennings, E., & Sung, H. (2021). Manager migration, learning-by-hiring, and cultural distance in international soccer. Global Strategy Journal, 11, 494-519. [Article Link] [Replication Files]
35. Kellison, T. & Mills, B.M. (2021). Voter intentions and political implications of legislated stadium subsidies. Sport Management Review, 24, 181-203. [Article Link]
2020
34. Finegan, D., Mills, B.M., & Stone, D. (2020). Pulling starters. Journal of Behavioral & Experimental Economics, 89, 1-17. [Article Link]
33. Salaga, S., Mills, B.M., & Tainsky, S. (2020). Employer-assigned workload and human capital deterioration: Evidence from the National Football League. Journal of Sports Economics, 21, 628-659. [Article Link]
32. Tainsky, S., Mills, B.M., Hans, Z., & Lee, K. (2020). On the road with Minor League Baseball externalities. Journal of Sport Management, 34, 120-129. [Article Link]
2019
31. Mills, B.M., Rosentraub, M.S., & Jakar, G. (2019). Tourist tax elasticity in Florida: Spatial effects of county-level room tax rate variation. Tourism Management Perspectives, 31, 174-183. [Article Link]
30. Sung, H., Mills, B.M., & Mondello, M. (2019). Local broadcast viewership in Major League Soccer. Journal of Sport Management, 33, 106-118. [Article Link]
29. Lopez, M.J. & Mills, B.M. (2019). Opportunistic shirking behavior during unpaid overtime. Applied Economics Letters, 26, 608-612. [Article Link]
2018
28. Mills, B.M. & Salaga, S. (2018). A natural experiment for efficient markets: Information quality and influential agents. Journal of Financial Markets, 40, 23-39. [Article Link]
27. Wendling, E. & Mills, B.M. (2018). Mitigation of relative age effects through targeted policy intervention: A natural experiment from U.S. tennis. Social Science Quarterly, 99, 1496-1509. [Article Link]
26. Mills, B.M. & Winfree, J.A. (2018). Athlete pay and competitive balance in college athletics. Review of Industrial Organization, 52, 211-229. [Article Link]
25. Mills, B.M., Tainsky, S., Green, C. & Leopkey, R. (2018). The ultimatum game in the college football rivalry context. Journal of Sport Management, 32, 11-23. [Article Link]
24. Mills, B.M. & Fort, R.D. (2018). Team-level time series analysis in MLB, the NBA, and the NHL: Attendance and outcome uncertainty. Journal of Sports Economics, 19, 911-933. [Article Link]
23. Sung, H. & Mills, B.M. (2018). Estimation of game-level attendance in Major League Soccer: Outcome uncertainty and absolute quality considerations. Sport Management Review, 21, 519-532. [Article Link]
2017
22. Mondello, M., Mills, B.M., & Tainsky, S. (2017). Shared market competition and broadcast viewership in the National Football League. Journal of Sport Management, 31, 562-574. [Article Link]
21. Juravich, M. & Mills, B.M. (2017). Exogenous policy shocks and logic centrality shifts: NBA policy and NCAA outcomes. Journal of Sport Management, 31, 452-465. [Article Link]
20. Mills, B.M. (2017). Policy changes in Major League Baseball: Improved agent behavior and ancillary productivity outcomes. Economic Inquiry, 55, 1104-1118. [Article Link]
19. Mills, B.M. (2017). Technological innovations in monitoring and evaluation: Evidence of performance impacts among Major League Baseball umpires. Labour Economics, 46, 189-199. [Article Link]
18. Sung, H., Mills, B.M., & Tainsky, S. (2017). From schadenfreude to mitfreude? Estimating viewership loss and rivalrous relationships in otherwise neutral markets. Sport Management Review, 20, 159-169. [Article Link]
2016
17. Mills, B.M., Salaga, S., & Tainsky, S. (2016). NBA primary ticket market consumers: Ex ante expectations and consumer market origination. Journal of Sport Management, 30, 538-552. [Article Link]
16. Mills, B.M. & Winfree, J.A. (2016). Market power, exclusive rights, and substitution effects in sports. The Antitrust Bulletin, 6, 423-433. [Article Link]
15. Mills, B.M., Mondello, M., & Tainsky, S. (2016). Competition in shared markets and Major League Baseball broadcast viewership. Applied Economics, 48, 3020-3032. [Article Link]
14. Tainsky, S., Xu, J., Mills, B.M., & Salaga, S. (2016). How success and uncertainty compel interest in related goods: Playoff probability and out-of-market television viewership in the National Football League. Review of Industrial Organization, 48, 29-43. [Article Link]
13. Sorokina, E., Semrad, K., & Mills, B.M. (2016). Practical sales forecasting: Potential solutions for independently owned hotels. Tourism Analysis, 21, 631-644. [Article Link]
2015
12. Mills, B.M. & Salaga, S. (2015). Competitive balance of NCAA basketball: Policy impacts and structural change. Journal of Sports Economics, 16, 614-646. [Article Link]
11. Tainsky, S., Mills, B.M. & Winfree, J.A. (2015). A further examination of potential discrimination among MLB umpires. Journal of Sports Economics, 16, 353-374. [Article Link]
10. Mills, B.M., Winfree, J.A., Rosentraub, M.S., & Sorokina, E. (2015). Fan substitution between North American professional sports leagues and across international borders. Applied Economics Letters, 22, 563-566. [Article Link]
2014
9. Mills, B.M. & Rosentraub, M.S. (2014). The National Hockey League and cross-border fandom: Travel costs, relocation, and international boundaries. Journal of Sports Economics, 15, 497-518. [Article Link]
8. Mills, B.M. (2014). Social pressure at the plate: Inequality aversion, status, and mere exposure. Managerial & Decision Economics, 35, 387-403. [Article Link]
7. Mills, B.M., Kwak, D.H., *Lee, J.S. & Lee, W.Y. (2014). Competitive environments in fantasy sports: Effects of entry fees and rewards on opposition quality and league sorting. International Gambling Studies, 14, 161-180. [Article Link]
6. Tainsky, S., Xu, J., Salaga, S., & Mills, B.M. (2014). Spillover benefits to local enthusiasm: Increases in league-wide interest as a consequence of local sports team competitiveness. Journal of Economics & Business, 74, 1-10. [Article Link]
5. Mills, B.M., Rosentraub, M.S., Winfree, J.A., & Cantor, M. (2014). Fiscal outcomes and tax impacts in Arlington, Texas. Public Money & Management, 34, 145-152. [Article Link]
4. Mills, B.M. & Fort, R.D. (2014). League-level attendance and outcome uncertainty in the NBA, NFL and NHL. Economic Inquiry, 52, 205-218. [Article Link]
2013
3. Mills, B.M. & Rosentraub, M.S. (2013). Hosting mega-events: A guide to the evaluation of development effects in integrated metropolitan regions. Tourism Management, 34, 238-246. [Article Link]
2012
2. Babiak, K., Mills, B.M., Tainsky, S. & Juravich, M. (2012). An investigation into professional athlete philanthropy: Is charity part of the game? Journal of Sport Management, 26, 159-176. [Article Link]
2011
1. Mills, B.M. & Salaga, S. (2011). Using tree ensembles to analyze national baseball hall of fame voting patterns: An application to discrimination in BBWAA voting. Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 7(4). [Article Link]
Working Papers
Mills, B.M., Bopp, T., & Turick, R. Leadership representation and firm performance: Evidence from collegiate football. [SSRN Working Paper]
Mills, B.M. Research productivity and impact in sport management faculty careers. [Article PDF]
Under Review
5. Whalen, M, Matthews, G., & Mills, B.M. Empirical determination of baseball eras: Multivariate changepoint analysis in Major League Baseball. Revise & Resubmit.
4. Mills, B.M., Bopp, T., & Turick, R. Leadership representation and firm performance: Evidence from collegiate football. In Revision.
3. Farnell, A., Mills, B.M., O'Sullivan, V., Berri, D., & Simmons, R. Assessing the role of fatigue and multitasking on worker performance: Evidence from MLB pitchers. Revise & Resubmit.
2. Mills, B.M. & Whalen, M. Multivariate changepoints in North American League competitive balance. In Review.
1. Mills, B.M. Research productivity and impact in sport management faculty careers. Undergoing Revisions.
Works in Progress
Mills, B.M., Wells, J., & Croom, R. Leadership teams in culturally heterogeneous contexts. 30 Page Manuscript.
Matthews, G., Binney, Z., & Mills, B.M. Revisiting NHL enforcers and mortality. Manuscript in Progress.
Mills, B.M. Rational shirking as team performance management. Data Analysis Stage.
Mills, B.M. & Simmons, R. Performance measurement precision and heterogeneous externalities in coincident labor markets. 30 Page Manuscript.
Mills, B.M. Peer learning and performance convergence in baseball umpires. Data Analysis Stage.
Mills, B.M., Kwon, E., & Imbrogno, C.T. Revisiting wage dispersion and performance. Data Collection Stage.
Juravich, M., Mills, B.M., & Salaga, S. Escalation of commitment in executive decision making in professional sport. Data Analysis Stage.
Kown, E. & Mills, B.M. A natural experiment for transfer policy effects on soccer wages: Russia and Ukraine in 2022. Data Analysis Stage.
Mills, B.M. Catcher framing, robo-umps, and labor market effects. Data Analysis Stage.