The learner has the cognitive capacity to process the material but chose not to due to:
Speaker is unfriendly
Does not able to utilize graphics to better explain ideas
This processing encompasses:
making sense of the material
organizing coherent structures and having the ability to apply them to prior knowledge of the learner
This principle suggests that the usage of multimedia refers to the utilization of two or more media modalities is more effective rather than solely using one modality than the others.
The personalization principle focuses on the usage of informal or conversational language rather than using overly formal ones. This help on making the material engaging, friendly, and matches the tone of the audience which makes it more comprehensible and not too overwhelming to learners.
This principle suggests that people learn best from narrations that are recorded using our human voices rather than computer ones.
We often see learning materials and videos online that show only the speaker discussing a topic throughout the video. This principle opposes the former statements and suggests that multimedia instructions should include relevant visuals and text rather than showing the speaker of a video. Although, this principle is still being debated and researched to further understand the correlation of the said modalities to multimedia learning.