Phenomenology of the Standard Model
Academic year 2023/2024
Lecturers: R. Contino and M. Nardecchia
Academic year 2023/2024
Lecturers: R. Contino and M. Nardecchia
Emails:
Time schedule:
Wednesday, 14-16, aula 4, Fermi building
Friday, 9-12, aula Careri, Marconi building
Office hours R. Contino: on Thursdays at 16:00 in my office (n. 235 on second floor in Marconi building)
Office hours M. Nardecchia: any time but better to send an email or arrange it with me
Google Classroom code: ewowi3i
Lectures by prof. Contino
27/09/2023 [2h]: Introduction to the course. Introduction to the SM as an EFT: field content and quantum numbers; terms of the renormalizable Lagrangian, SM as a chiral (as opposed to vectorlike) theory, spinors in 2-component notation, Majorana and Dirac mass terms (and why they are forbidden in the SM); Higgs potential and spontaneous breaking of the EW symmetry. [Sc], [CL], [Ps]
28/09/2023 [3h]: Derivation of all masses and couplings at tree level in the unitary gauge; diagonalization of Yukawa matrices and origin of CKM matrix, absence of flavor-changing neutral interactions; xi gauges and why they are useful. [CL], [Sc], [Ps]
4/10/2023 [2h]: Introduction to Effective Field Theory: the role of locality and analiticity, simple examples of matching at tree-level and 1-loop, non-decoupling effects. [GeEFT], [DBK], [Man]
5/10/2023 [3h]: Fourth family as an example of non-decoupling theory. Using EFT at loop level, comparison with the Wilsonian EFT, calculable and uncalculable effects. [Do] Matching EFT to known UV theories, equations of motion as a way to simplify the list of effective operators. [GeEFT], [DBK], [Man]
11/10/2023 [2h]: An explicit example of Matching and Running: a theory with one light real (pseudo)scalar and one heavy Dirac fermion. Classification of effective operators, matching at leading order, appearance of large logs. [GeEFT], [DBK], [Man]
12/10/2023 [3h]: Sketch of matching at next-to-leading order: the fate of large logs and their resummation through the RG, RG-improved perturbation theory. [GeEFT], [DBK], [Man] Effective field theory for unknown UV theories: estimating the effective coefficients by means of power counting and spurion arguments; example of the dipole operator in QED.
18/10/2023 [2h]: Validity of the EFT approach: example of the Fermi theory. The SM as an EFT: overview of different classes of effective operators in SMEFT. Symmetries of the SM renormalizable Lagrangian: baryon and lepton numbers; anomalies. [We2], [Sc]
19/10/2023 [3h]: Anomaly-free matter content: vectorlike and (pseudo)real representations; anomaly of baryon and lepton numbers; cancellation of gauge anomalies in the SM; anomalous U(1) axial in QCD. Accidental symmetry of the SM, Weinberg operator and neutrino masses. [We2]
25/10/2023 [2h]: Extending the SM with right-handed neutrinos, see-saw mechanism for neutrino masses; Majorana vs Dirac neutrinos, neutrino-less double beta decay. SU(5) Grand Unification Theory: embedding SM fields into SU(5) multiplets, hypercharge quantization, spontaneous breaking of SU(5) to the SM gauge group. [CL]
26/10/2023 [3h]: SU(5) GUT: doublet-triplet splitting problem and hierarchy problem; running of gauge couplings and their unification at high energy; baryon-number violation and proton decay; accidental (B-L); unification of down-quark and lepton Yukawa couplings. [CL] Custodial symmetry as an approximate accidental symmetry of the SM and the rho parameter. [Sc]
Lectures by prof. Nardecchia
2/11/2023 [3h]: General discussion on the second part of the course. Dimensional analysis, relevant energy scales. Muon decay width estimate and computation of the matrix element. [Sa]
8/11/2023 [2h]: Muon decay, end of the computation of the matrix element, phase space discussion and integration. [Sa] Rules to construct models, Gell-Mann totalitarian principle. QED the most general lagrangian [GT].
9/11/2023 [3h]: Counting of the physical parameters. Applications to QED, lepton and quark sectors of the Standard Model. Proof of the singular value decomposition. [GT]
15/11/2023 [2h]: Discrete symmetries, C, P, CP. Trasformation properties of states and fields. [We1]
16/11/2023 [3h]: Flavour and CP violation in the Standard Model. CKM matrix and its parametrizations. Unitarity Triangle. [GT]
22/11/2023 [2h]: Exmples of FV in beyond the SM. 2HDM and flavour violation in the Z couplings. [GT]
23/11/2023 [3h]: FCNC at one loop. GIM mechanism at the quark level. Running coupling constant in QCD [GT]
30/11/2023 [3h]: Gell-Mann Levy method to derive the divergence of a current. Excat symmetries of QCD in the chiral limit. Left/Right Currents and Vector/Axial currents. Explicit breaking of the chiral symmetry by the mass terms. Parity doubling of the hadron spectra, spontaneus symmmetry breaking of the chiral group. [ScSc] sections 1 and 2.
7/12/2023 [3h]: Chiral condensate. Non-linear transformation of the Goldstone bosons under the chiral group. Chiral lagrangian. Leading order of the chiral lagrangina O(p^2) including gauging and mass effect. [P] sez. 4.1
13/12/2023 [2h]: Chiral currents in terms of GB scalar fields. Leptonic decay of charged pions. Mass supression due to conservation of angluar momentum.
14/12/2023 [3h]: Charged pions decay as test of lepton flavour universality. Leptonic decays of Kaons, differnce between fK and fPi. Some comments about the chiral lagrangian at order (p^4). Semileptonic decays of light hadrons.
20/12/2023 [2h]: Vud extraction from data using various processes (beta nucelear decay, neutron decay and charged pion beta decay).
21/12/2023 [3h]: Leptonic and semileptonic kaon decays. Exctraction of Vus from data.
10/1/2024 [2h]: Neutral kaon meson mixing and oscillation.
11/1/2024 [3h]: Direct CP violation and mixing observables in the neutral kaon system.
[CoAT] R. Contino, CERN Academic Training Lectures on Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
On Effective Field Theory
[GeEFT] H. Georgi, "Effective Field Theory" Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 43 (1993) 209
[DBK] D. B. Kaplan, Lectures on Effective Field Theory, GGI School on Fundamental Interactions, 2016 (video, notes); "Five Lectures on Effective Field Theory, 17th National Nuclear Physics Summer School, Berkely, arXiv:nucl-th/0510023
[Man] A. Manohar, Lectures at the Les Houches 2017 summer school, arXiv:1804.05863
On Naturalness and the Hierarchy Problem
't Hooft "Naturalness, chiral symmetry and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking" in Recent Developments in Gauge Theories, Cargese Lectures, 1979
Barbieri and Giudice, NPB 306 (1988) 63
Susskind PRD 20 (1979) 2619
Giudice and Rattazzi, GGI Tea Breaks Focus Meeting on "Naturalness and the future of High Energy Physics", link to video and slides
Barbieri, Strumia, hep-ph/0007265
For a recent fit to EWPO in the SMEFT framework, see: J. de Blas et al., PoS EPS-HEP2017 (2017) 467, arXiv:1710.05402
For recent bounds on stops and gluinos, see SUSY Summary Plots in ATL-PHYS-PUB-2022-013
On the GIM Mechanism
Glashow, Iliopoulos Maiani, PRD 2 (1970) 1285
Maiani, arXiv:1303.6154
see also: [Bu], [Si]
On Electroweak Precision Tests
LEP data and final results: hep-ex/0412015; hep-ex/0509008; arXiv:1012.2367
Precision Tests of the Standard Electroweak Model, P. Langacker editor (World Scientific)
Montagna, Nicrosini, Piccinini, hep-ph/9802302
Barbieri, Cargese Lectures
Matchev, TASI Lectures hep-ph/0402031
HepFit: Ciuchini et al. arXiv:1306.4644; De Blas et al. arXiv:1608.01509, arXiv:1116.05354
GFitter: Baak et al. arXiv:1107.0975
On the determination of delta(alfa)_had: Burkhardt and Pietrzyk arXiv:1106.2991
On Anomalous TGC: Hagiwara et al. NPB 282 (1987) 253; Gounaris et al. PRD 61 (2000) 073013
On epsilon parameters: Altarelli, Barbieri PLB 253 (1990) 161; Altarelli, Barbieri, Caravaglios NPB 405 (1993) 3
On S,T,W,Y: Barbieri et al. NPB 703 (2004) 127
From arXiv:
[Do] J. Donoghue, gr-qc/9512024
[Bu] A. Buras, arXiv:hep-ph/9806471
[Co] R. Contino, arXiv:1005.4269
[GT] Y. Grossmann, P. Tanedo, arXiv:1711.03624
[Ma] S. Martin, arXiv:hep-ph/9709356
[P] A. Pich, arXiv:hep-ph/9806303
[ScSc] S. Scherer, R. Schindler, arXiv:hep-ph/0505265
[Si] L. Silvestrini, arXiv:1905.00798
[Wi] S. Willenbrock, hep-ph/0410370
[Dr] H. K. Dreiner, H. E. Haber, S. P. Martin hep-ph/0812.1594
[QS] C. Quigg, R. Shrock, PRD 79 (2009) 096002, arXiv:0901.3958
[TC] L. Susskind, PRD 20 (1979) 2619, S. Weinberg, PRD 13 (1976) 974
[Das] Das et al., PRL 18 (1967) 759
Books:
[BLS] G. Branco, L. Lavoura, J. Silva, CP Violation
[CL] T.P. Cheng, L.F. Li, Gauge Theory of Elementary Particle
[DGH] J. Donoghue, E. Golowich, B. Holstein, Dynamics of the Standard Model
[Ge] H. Georgi, Weak Interactions
[MS] F. Mandl, G. Shaw, Quantum Field Theory
[PS] M. Peskin, D. Shroeder, An introduction to Quantum Field Theory
[Sc] M. Schwartz, Quantum Field theory and the Standard Model
[Sr] M. Srednicki, Quantum Field Theory
[We1] S. Weinberg, Quantum Field Theory , Volume 1
[We2] S. Weinberg, Quantum Field Theory , Volume 2
[GK] C. Giunti, C. W. Kim, Fundamentals of Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics
Other lectures online:
Slides (powerpoint, pdf) on Higgs physics
Plots on EWPT
More Links: