The studies examine how population dynamics interact with environmental change across different regions of Brazil, especially in the Amazon and the Center-West. They show that historical patterns of territorial occupation, rooted in colonial expansion and the advance of agricultural frontiers, continue to shape contemporary relationships between population and environment. Mobility, migration, and demographic transitions influence land use, deforestation, and rural restructuring, demonstrating that population change is not merely a driver but also a response to environmental and economic transformations.
The works highlight how shifting agricultural frontiers, particularly around Santarém and in the broader Amazon, reveal complex forms of mobility and settlement that challenge traditional frontier paradigms. They emphasize the need for theoretical frameworks that recognize reciprocal links between demographic processes and environmental outcomes, moving beyond deterministic interpretations inherited from Malthusian thinking.
Together, these contributions argue for an interdisciplinary field of Population and Environment that integrates demographic analysis, spatial perspectives, and socio-environmental theory to better understand territorial dynamics, support sustainable development, and interpret the multiple ways population processes and environmental change co-produce contemporary landscapes.